In considering the exceptional conditions when an appellate court would be willing to admit additional evidence, our Federal Court in Mohamed bin Jamal v. Public Prosecutor [1964] MLJ 254 (refd) applied the same principles mentioned in R v. Parks (see also Lau Foo Sun v. Government of Malaysia [1970] 2 MLJ 70 (refd) and Asiatic Development Bhd & Anor v. Balachandar a/l Palanysamy [1995] 3 MLJ 445 (refd))." [27] Mahkamah ini seterusnya merujuk kepada kes Mahkamah Rayuan, Dato' Sri Mohd Najib bin Hj Abd Razak v Public Prosecutor [2022] MLJU 286, di mana sebelum permohonan untuk memanggil semula saksi saksi yang berkaitan dibenarkan, pihak Pemohon hendaklah secara ketatnya mematuhi garis panduan yang telah di tetapkan oleh undangundang yang berkuat kuasa dan dari keputusan kes yang telah diputuskan sebelum itu yang mengikat pihak-pihak. Panel hakim telah merujuk kepada kes Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim (supra) secara tuntas seperti berikut: [20] In light of the foregoing, we find this application devoid of merit. The appellant had failed to convince this Court to exercise its discretionary power to allow additional evidence premised on R v Parks supra and the provision of section 61 of the CJA.Not only had the appellant failed to meet the first and second requirements, but he had, in fact, failed to satisfy all the four cumulative requirements of R v Parks. [21] The application of section 61 of CJA has been explained by this Court in Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim v. PP supra. While the Court 11 of Appeal is empowered to receive additional evidence, it must be satisfied that such an occasion is necessary. Necessary means that unless additional evidence is admitted, a miscarriage of justice would result, or its reception is expedient in the interest of justice. Hence, admission of additional evidence at the appellate stage would only be resorted to where in the opinion of the Court such evidence is necessary for the justice of the case and not as a matter of practice. This section should be invoked as an exception rather than as a rule. This is because an appeal must be decided on the evidence, which was before the trial court. An exceptional power such as this must be exercised judiciously and not capriciously or arbitrarily having regards to the justice of the case. An improper or capricious exercise of such power may lead to an undesirable result. In the application before us, the subject matter sought in the appellant's application to adduce additional evidence had no bearing on the trial or the appeals. There is no nexus between the additional evidence sought and the charges against the appellant as we have stated in paragraph [19] above." [28] Berdasarkan kedua-dua peruntukan di atas, adalah jelas bahawa kuasa untuk membenarkan pengemukaan keterangan-keterangan baru dan/atau tambahan dalam sesuatu rayuan jenayah adalah terletak di bawah kuasa budi bicara Mahkamah Tinggi dan/atau Mahkamah Rayuan. [29] Garis panduan dan prinsip undang-undang mengenai pengemukaan keterangan baru ini telahpun diputuskan secara mantap oleh Mahkamah Rayuan dalam kes Murugayah v. PP [2004] 2 CLJ 489 melalui penghakiman yang disampaikan oleh Augustine Paul JCA (pada ketika itu) seperti yang berikut: "It will be observed that the reception of additional evidence is a matter of discretion. It is settled law that the exercise of a discretion must be in accordance with established judicial guidelines. In the case of adducing additional evidence, the guidelines were spelt out in Ladd v. Marshal [1954] 3 All ER 745 in the form of three conditions. In elaboration of the conditions Lord Parker CJ said in R v. Parks [1961] 3 All ER 633 at p. 634: Those principles can be summarised in this way. First, the evidence that it is sought to call must be evidence which was not available at the trial. Secondly, and this goes without saying, it must be evidence relevant to the issues. Thirdly, it must be evidence which is credible evidence in the sense that it is well capable of belief; it is not for this court to decide whether it is to be believed or not, but it must be evidence which is capable of belief. Fourthly, the court will after considering that evidence go on to consider whether there might have been a reasonable doubt in the minds of the jury as to the guilt of the appellant if that evidence had been given together with the other evidence at the trial. The statement of the law in R v. Parks [1961] 2 All ER 633 has been adopted and applied in local cases such as Mohamad bin Jamal v. PP [1964] MLJ 254; Dol bin Lasim v. PP [1986] 2 CLJ 197; [1986] CLJ (Rep) 112; Lo Fat Thjan & Ors v. PP [1968] 1 MLJ 274 and Che Din bin Ahmad v. PP [1976] 1 MLJ 289. The conditions are cumulative and not in the alternative and it is for the appellant to satisfy the court that they have been fulfilled (see Che Din bin Ahmad v. PP [1976] 1 MLJ 289). It is only in the most exceptional circumstances that the court will receive additional evidence." [30] Selanjutnya, melalui nas-nas undang-undang di atas, adalah menjadi dapatan Mahkamah ini bahawa dalam melaksanakan kuasa budi bicara untuk membenarkan ataupun tidak permohonan untuk mengemukakan keterangan baru tersebut, Mahkamah hendaklah menurut panduan-panduan kehakiman mantap dan tidak boleh dilaksanakan secara sewenang-wenangnya. [31] Berpandukan peruntukan seksyen 61 AMK 1964 dan seksyen 317 KTJ serta kepada garis panduan yang telah dinyatakan di dalam kes R v. Parks, Mahkamah berpandangan bahawa tiada keperluan untuk memanggil semula saksi-saksi yang diminta oleh Pemohon untuk dipanggil semula ke Mahkamah. Pemohonan ini adalah hanya untuk menutup kelemahan-kelemahan yang telah dilakukan oleh peguam bela Pemohon. [32] Ternyata bahawa pihak peguam bela Pemohon gagal menjalankan tugasnya walaupun keterangan dan bukti dokumentasi telah tersedia ada di hadapan mereka semasa perbicaraan dijalankan. Kegagalan dan kelemahan peguam bela Pemohon tidak boleh dijadikan alasan untuk memanggil semula saksi-saksi untuk memperbetulkan kesilapan dan menutup kelemahan kes pembelaan. Jika permohonan Pemohon ini dibenarkan, Mahkamah in berpandangan ia adalah tidak adil dan dan memprejudiskan pihak Pendakwaan (Responden) serta mangsa yang berjaya membuktikan kes mereka secara melampaui keraguan munasabah. [33] Permohonan oleh Pemohon juga adalah tidak relevan kepada isu kes ini. Pemohon telah memohon untuk mengemukakan salah seorang saksi yang bernama Kelvin yang telah diminta oleh Pemohon untuk dikemukakan di Mahkamah, Mahkamah ini mendapati jika pun saksi ini dikemukakan di Mahkamah, ia tidak akan dapat mengubah keterangan dan dapatan Mahkamah bahawa Pemohon telah memukul isterinya dengan menggunakan tali pinggang. Kenyataan ini sendiri telah diakui oleh Pemohon di Mahkamah. [34] Mahkamah ini juga merujuk kepada doktrin Res Judicata yang menghalang perbicaraan berulang setelah ia diputuskan dan dimuktamadkan oleh Mahkamah Bicara. Sewajarnya permohonan Pemohon adalah tidak berasas dan perbicaraan yang telah selesai adalah tidak boleh didengar, dibicarakan dan difailkan semula oleh pihakyang sama (Pemohon).