Dalam kes Puncak Niaga (M) Sdn Bhd v NZ Wheels Sdn Bhd [2012] 1 MLJ 27 di mana Mahkamah Rayuan menyatakan: “[20] Again, the High Court in Renofac Builder (M) Sdn Bhd v Chase Perdana Bhd [2001] 2 AMR 1639 at pp 1648–1649 had this to say: S/N rkbHsosNMEafkx1oxe47A But a mere bare assertion by the defendant would not be sufficient. The duty of the court is quite onerous in the extreme. The court must be vigilant and must view in perspective at the whole scenario in order to ascertain whether the defendant has a real or what is commonly known as a bona fide defence. [21] So, in an O 14 application the court should undertake a critical evaluation of the facts presented by the parties through their pleadings and affidavits and the court must always bear in mind that mere bare assertions or denials must be rejected outright. The Supreme Court speaking through Mohamed Azmi FCJ had occasion to say in Bank Negara Malaysia v Mohd Ismail & Ors [1992] 1 MLJ 400 (SC) at p 408: Under an O 14 application, the duty of a judge does not end as soon as a fact is asserted by one party, and denied or disputed by the other in an affidavit. Where such assertion, denial or dispute is equivocal, or lacking in precision or is inconsistent with undisputed contemporary documents or other statements by the same deponent, or is inherently improbable in itself, then the judge has a duty to reject such assertion or denial, thereby rendering the issue not triable. In our opinion, unless this principle is adhered to, a judge is in no position to exercise his discretion judicially in an O 14 application. Thus, apart from identifying the issues of fact or law, the court must go one step further and determine whether they are triable. This principle is sometimes expressed by the statement that a complete S/N rkbHsosNMEafkx1oxe47A defence need not be shown. The defence set up need only show that there is a triable issue. [22] We categorically say that mere bare denials or assertions do not constitute evidence and they cannot give rise to triable issues. This court in Chen Heng Ping & Ors v Intradagang Merchant Bankers (M) Bhd [1995] 2 MLJ 363 at p 367 aptly said: When an application is made for summary judgment under O 14 supported by an affidavit which goes to show that there is no defence, the defendants must show cause why leave to defend must be given. This means that the defendants must provide answers on oath which constitute evidence that they have a defence which is fit to be tried. Denials in a defence do not constitute evidence. They are challenges to the other side to show proof. In the present case the guarantors do not appear to have appreciated this. Their affidavits merely relied on the defence they pleaded, which consists of bare denials and points of law which they could not sustain.”