077.50) adalah non refundable. [29] Ianya adalah juga penting untuk melihat MoU ini kerana, semasa SP1 menandatangani MoU ini, beliau dan kakak beliau telah memahami dan bersetuju dengan segala terma dan syarat MoU ini. Dilampirkan bahagian penerimaan oleh syarikat SP1. ACCEPTANCE OF MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTAND We, the Board of Directors of OPIKA ORGANIC SDN BHD, Company No. 966120-D do solemnly and sincerely declare that: a. We have disclosed all information needed to the best of our knowledge and belief, b. Should the outcome of the exercise be unfavaourable due to misrepresentation of information of any nature including financial declarations, document evidences or those stated in the cancellation clauses, the Consultant Company shall not be responsible for such outcome. We shall compensate and indemnify the Consultant Company for whatsoever costs and losses incurred with this respect. c. We have fully understood all the abovoe terms and conditions without prejudice, and we hereby accept your offer. [30] Pada masa yang sama SP1 yang memulakan tindakan untuk menggunakan service konsultasi syarikat OKT untuk mendapatkan bantuan kewangan, yang mana SP1 menyedari bahawa syarikat OKT bukanlah satu syarikat yang boleh memberikan pinjaman kewangan. Dilampirkan pemeriksaan balas SP1: : In your EIC, you gave very clear evidcne you met the accused after being introduced by Adreana and Vicky factually speaking it was not malar who came to introduced her self to you : It is true : In other words you apporached malar? : Yes : So I am correct when I said you approached her rather than she approached you : Correct : And you had approached OKT pursuant to the communication you had with adreana and vicky : As an introduced : Adreana and vicky must have said something to you that led to you meeting Malar : Yes : NCS is a legitimate business entity : I assume so : Even now as you give evidence do you have any doubt about the legality of the company? : After all the things which have gone through I don’t know, I was convinced then. : You were rightly convinced because NCS is actually a company which is registred with SSM even at the time when you dealt with OKT. : Yes : So as a businesswoman, a very experienced person you could know about their nature of business by doing a search? : We did my friend did : You had got in touch with malar because you wanted to borrow money, if you do a search from the search you would be able to know NCS is not in the business of lending money? : Yes, it is just a service company : Under no circumstance NCS is in a position to lend you any money neither can malar in her individual capacity that she can lend any money : Not her, correct : Having known that yet you approached OKT and dealt with NCS : Yes [31] Pihak pendakwaan dalam hujahannya mengatakan bahawa OKT telah menyalahgunakan wang RM125,077.50 milik SP1 dan Mahkamah tidak menjumpai sebutir keterangan yang menunjukkan OKT telah bertindak dengan penyalahgunaan wang mahupun niat curang oleh OKT. [32] OKT tidak boleh dipersalahkan sekiranya pinjaman wang yang dipohon oleh SP1 tidak “materialize” ataupun tidak dapat diperolehi. OKT menjalankan tugas beliau sebagai seorang consultant dan servis yang diberi oleh syarikat beliau adalah servis berbentuk konsultasi. Apa yang di caj oleh OKT kepada SP1 adalah caj bagi OKT untuk memulakan permohonan pinjaman wang tersebut. Di dalam MoU juga tidak menyatakan bahawa dengan menandatangani MoU tersebut SP1 “will be guaranteed receiving the said funding”. [33] Peguambela berhujah menyatakan tuntutan SP1 adalah berasaskan kepada tuntutan sivil dan bukannya jenayah. [34] Saya mendapati bahawa asas untuk mengatakan samada sesuatu kes itu jatuh di bawah undang-undang sivil atau jenayah adalah bergantung sama ada pihak pendakwaan dapat membuktikan berlakunya kecurangan oleh OKT dalam kes yang dibicarakan itu, sepertimana elemen kesalahan di bawah Seksyen 403 Kanun Keseksaan sepertimana pertuduhan. [35] Dalam kes Mohd Jalani Saliman & Anor v. Public Prosecutor [1998] 1 CLJ 123, YA Hakim Abdul Malik Ishak dalam pengehakimannya menyatakan seperti berikut: “There is a subtle distinction between a mere breach of contract and cheating. It is dependent on the intention of the wrongdoer at the time of the alleged inducement and it is judged by simply assessing the facts of the whole case. In my assessment of the factual matrix of the whole case, it was clearly a cheating case and not a mere breach of contract. As Jagannadhadas J said in the case of Mobarik Ali Ahmad v. The State of Bombay [1957] AIR SC 857 especially at p. 863: In a case of this kind a question may well arise at the outset whether the evidence disclose only a breach of civil liability or a criminal offence. That of course would depend upon whether the complainant in parting with his money to the tune of Rs 5 1/2 lakhs acted on the representations of the appellant and in belief of the truth thereof and whether those representations when made were in fact false to the knowledge of the appellant and whether the appellant had a dishonest intention from the outset”. [36] Berdasarkan penelitian saya berdasarkan keterangan SP1 dan Pegawai Penyiasat, SP1 telah memilih untuk menggunakan khidmat OKT sebagai seorang yang mempunyai syarikat yang mengendalikan perkhidmatan perakaunan, percukaian, pengurusan, pemasaran dan perkhidmatan perundingan perniagaan (rujuk P5). Ini juga dapat dibuktikan oleh Pegawai Penyiasat yang mana beliau telah bersetuju dengan peguambela bahawa SP1 telah berjumpa dengan OKT untuk melanggan khidmat OKT. [37] Dalam kes PP v. Fabian Anuar Mail [2010] 2 CLJ 634, YA Hakim Abdul Rahman Sebli pada ketika menyatakan dalam penghakimannya seperti berikut: [16] It is trite to say that in criminal proceedings where the burden on the prosecution is to prove every element of the offence beyond any reasonable doubt nothing must be left to assumption. Assumption, perception, suspicion and the like cannot be substitutes for proof. In this case the prosecution's argument is obviously based on the assumption that since the respondent was the "Pengetua" of SMK Sepagaya he must have been properly appointed as such. The flaw in this argument is that it places assumption on the same level as proof. [17] Failure to prove that the respondent was an "agent" of the Government means that the prosecution failed to establish an essential ingredient of the charges. It is axiomatic that the prosecution must prove each and every element of the offence charged. A prima facie case is not established if any one of the essential elements of the offence is not established at the close of the prosecution case.” [38] SP2 selaku pegawai penyiasat telah menyatakan bahawa semasa siasatan dijalankan SP2 ada memberitahu kepada pihak-pihak bahawa kes seolah-olah merupakan kes sivil. SP2 juga selaku Pegawai penyiasat tidak menyiasat syarikat OKT iaitu Noble Consulting Services yang mana asas laporan Pengadu adalah terhadap syarikat NSC. Oleh yang demikian, ianya adalah penting bagi SP2 untuk menyiasat samada syarikat NSC ini berkelayakan dan menjalankan perkhidmatan yang sah di sisi undang-undang. Ianya tidaklah cukup bagi SP2 untuk mendapatkan Salinan SSM dan melihat daripada SSM bahawa wujudnya syarikat tersebut dan terdapat rundingan perniagaan. SP2 sepatutnya pergi ke syarikat NSC dan melihat secara sendiri “flow of work” di syarikat NSC supaya siasatan yang adil terhadap kedua-dua pihak dijalankan. [39] SP2 juga bersetuju bahawa Pengadu terikat dengan terma-terma di dalam MoU tersebut. Beliau juga bersetuju tidak ada mana-mana terma di dalam MoU tersebut yang mana OKT berjanji akan mendapatkan pinjaman tersebut dan pinjaman tersebut memang akan diterima oleh Pengadu. SP2 banyak memberi keterangan yang memihak kepada pembelaan. Pada masa yang sama penyiasatan SP2 hanya tertumpu kepada terdapatnya kemasukan wang ke dalam akaun OKT dan OKT telah secara curang menyalahgunakan wang tersebut apabila SP1 tidak mendapat pinjaman wang tersebut. SP2 dalam keterangannya tahu bahawa RM125,077.50 merupakan bayaran yang dipersetujui oleh SP1 semasa beliau menandatangani MoU tersebut. SP2 juga mengetahui bahawa wang tersebut non-refundable samada SP1 berjaya untuk mendapatkan pinjaman wang mahupun tidak. [40] Dalam kes Mohd Helmi Akmal Mohd Ali lwn. PP [2017] 7 CLJ 666, YA Hakim Kamardin Hashim dalam penghakiman Mahkamah Rayuan menyatakan: [35] Dalam hubungan ini, barangkali suai manfaat jika kami perturunkan beberapa petikan keputusan Mahkamah Agung India yang menekankan bahawa siasatan hendaklah dijalankan dengan adil dan saksama. Siasatan bukan sahaja tertumpu kepada pengumpulan keterangan yang boleh menunjukkan bahawa tertuduh telah melakukan kesalahan tetapi meliputi juga pengumpulan keterangan yang boleh menentukan tertuduh tidak melakukan kesalahan yang menjadi hal perkara yang disiasat. Dalam kes Manu Sharma v. State (NCT of Delhi), [20l0] 6 SCC I, Mahkamah Agong India menyatakan: The criminal justice administration system in India places human rights and dignity for human life at a much higher pedestal. In our jurisprudence an accused is presumed to be innocent till proved guilty, the alleged accused is entitled to fairness and true investigation and fair trial and the prosecution is expected to play balanced role in the trial of a crime. The investigation should be judicious, fair, transparent and expeditious to ensure compliance with the basic rule of law. These are the fundamental canons of our criminal jurisprudence and they are quite in conformity with the constitutional mandate contained in Articles 20 and 21 of the Constitution of India. [36] Dalam nada dan irama yang sama, Mahkamah Agong India menyatakan dalam kes Sasi Thomas v. State and Ors [2006] 12 SCC 421 seperti berikut: Proper and fair investigation on the part of the investigating officer is the backbone of rule of law. A proper and effective investigation into a serious offence and particularly in a case where there is no direct evidence assumes great significance as collection of adequate materials to prove the circumstantial evidence becomes essential. Unfortunately, the appellant has not been treated fairly. [87] Dalam kes PP v. Azman Ismail & Another Case [2007] 10 CLJ 469, YA Hakim VT Singham dalam penghakiman di Mahkamah Tinggi menegaskan sebagaimana berikut berkenaan dengan pembuktian kes jenayah di mahkamah: [96] It is also important to observe that mere suspicion or probabilities cannot be the basis of conviction. The accused 'must be' and not 'may be' guilty. (See Shivaji Sahabrad Bobada v. State of Maharashtra AIR [1973] Cr. L.J 1783; PP v. Saimin & Ors [1971] 1 LNS 115; [1971] 2 MLJ 16). A case governed by circumstantial evidence cannot be based on circumstances indicating that the prosecution case is quite likely to be true or may be true but it must be true. (See PP v. Saimin & Ors [1971] 1 LNS 115; [1971] 2 MLJ 16). In the instant case, as stated above evidence produced by the prosecution may tend to deepen suspicion but surely it does not go to prove the guilt of the accused persons. It is also important that the court must not be influenced by unfounded suspicion. (See Prasannamayi Debi v. Baikunthanath Chattoraj AIR [1922] Cal. 260 at 266). [97] Suspicion however grave cannot take the place of positive proof. (See Palvinder kaur v. State 1952 SC 354). The sea of suspicion has no shore and the court that embarks upon it without a rudder and compass. (See Monir's Law of Evidence). In fact, the testimony of PW37 is clouded with grave suspicion when considering the evidence as a whole and that of the evidence of PW27 in material particulars and so far as the reliability of PW37's evidence is concerned. This court wish to stress that a stringent rule of proof in a criminal case especially on a serious charge of murder which has been framed against accused person cannot be relaxed and the court cannot act on pure surmise. This deviation from the strict standard of proof or lesser degree cannot be compromised as a supplement to a weak and disintegrated case for the prosecution. KESIMPULAN DAN KEPUTUSAN DI AKHIR KES PENDAKWAAN [41] Mahkamah perlu menilai dan menimbang dengan penilaian yang maksima terhadap keseluruhan kes pendakwaan di mana sekiranya pembelaan dipanggil mahkamah boleh mensabitkan OKT sekiranya OKT memilih untuk berdiam diri. Mahkamah mendapati adalah tidak selamat untuk mahkamah memanggil OKT untuk membela diri di atas keraguan-keraguan yang telah ditimbulkan secara keseluruhannya. [42] Oleh yang demikian atas penilaian yang maksima dan berdasarkan alasan-alasan yang dibincangkan di atas, mahkamah mendapati dan memutuskan pihak pendakwaan telah gagal untuk membuktikan elemen kedua dan ketiga di dalam pertuduhan ini. Oleh yang demikian, pihak pendakwaan telah gagal untuk membuktikan satu kes prima facie terhadap OKT. Dengan ini, OKT telah dilepaskan dan dibebaskan tanpa dipanggil untuk membela diri. [43] Saya mendasarkan keputusan berdasarkan alasan-alasan di atas. Bertarikh: 21 November 2019 ............…T.T…………. (NURSHAHIRA HJ ABDUL SALIM) Majistret Mahkamah Majistret 4 Petaling Jaya Pendakwaraya Hairuliqram bin Hairuddin Timbalan Pendakwaraya Jabatan Peguam Negara Cawangan Negeri Selangor Peguambela OKT Ramesh Sivakumar Tetuan Goik, Ramesh & Loo Peguambela & Peguamcara Suite N-3-1, Block N,