(C) Kegagalan mengemukakan CCTV di tempat kejadian dan ketiadaan siasatan dijalankan berkenaan cap jari dan DNA tertuduh pada barang kes. [61] Peguam tertuduh yang bijaksana menghujahkan bahawa Hakim Mahkamah Tinggi yang bijaksana telah terkhilaf dari segi undang-undang dan fakta bila gagal menilai keterangan secara “maximum evaluation” apabila tidak mengambil kira ketiadaan keterangan sokongan seperti rakaman CCTV di tempat kejadian bagi menunjukkan keadaan sebenar yang terjadi semasa kejadian. [62] Dengan hormatnya, kami tidak bersetuju dengan penghujahan tersebut. Bagi pertuduhan pertama, tertuduh telah ditangkap ketika sedang memegang ekshibit beg plastik berwarna hijau yang mengandungi dadah. Maka dengan itu, keterangan CCTV, cap jari dan DNA tertuduh pada barang kes hanya mempunyai nilai sokongan yang kecil sahaja lebih-lebih lagi di dalam keadaan dimana dadah-dadah yang dijumpai berada di dalam jagaan atau kawalan langsung tertuduh baik di tangannya mahupun di dalam kereta tersebut. Keterangan CCTV hanyalah relevan dan mempunyai kesan yang significant di dalam keadaan di mana identiti seseorang menjadi isu pertikaian namun ini bukanlah kes yang berlaku di hadapan kami ini. Oleh itu, ketiadaan keterangan-keterangan dokumentasi ini tidaklah boleh menyebabkan inferens yang menentang di bawah seksyen 114(g) Akta Keterangan 1950 terpakai terhadap pihak pendakwaan. [63] Di dalam kes PP v. Mansor Md Rashid & Anor [1997] 1 CLJ 233, Mahkamah Persekutuan melalui penghakiman yang disampaikan oleh Chong Siew Fai CJSS (beliau pada ketika itu) menyatakan seperti berikut: “We also find ourselves in agreement with the learned Deputy Public Prosecutor that the learned trial Judge had erred in law when he faulted PW13 the investigating officer for not lifting the finger prints off the wrappings of the cannabis and for not taking photographs of the street light in front of the house No. 129. Where the identity of a culprit is in question or required to be proved, fingerprint evidence would be of great significance and immense value. In the present case under appeal, however, the charge alleged trafficking in the form of sale and there is evidence indicating the identities of the alleged offenders and the sale transaction. Fingerprint evidence on the newspaper wrapping, white plastic and the loytape, therefore, assumes little value or significance." [64] Di dalam kes PP v. Ebrahim Mirzaie Hj Ebrahim Deh Mokhtar [2017] 1 CLJ 575 Mahkamah Rayuan melalui penghakiman yang disampaikan oleh Ahmadi Asnawi HMR (beliau pada ketika itu) memutuskan seperti berikut: “[38] The evidential value of CCTV evidence. DNA profiles and fingerprint impressions as decided by high authority is only corroborative. The learned trial judge correctly appreciated the position. In PP v Mansor Md Rashid & Anor [1997] 1 CLJ 233, the Federal Court stated that: Where the identity of a culprit is in question or required to be proved, fingerprint evidence would be of great significance and immense value. In the present case under appeal, however, the charge alleged trafficking in the form of sale and there is evidence indicating the identities of the alleged offenders and the sale transaction. Fingerprint evidence on the newspaper wrapping, white plastic and the loytape, therefore, assumes little value or significance. [39] Now, having scrutinised the evidence, we were with the learned DPP that even without the CCTV evidence, DNA profiles and fingerprint impressions, there are sufficient evidence to prove the prosecution's case. [40] The evidence of both PW2 and PW3 (DSM Hairudin bin Abdullah) were uncontroverted that they saw the respondent pulling the bag, exh. P10, before and at the time they approached the respondent. The bag they saw and seized was a brown coloured bag carrying the “Sphere” brand name, exh. P10. It was the respondent himself who had put the said bag in the scanning machine and it was equally the respondent himself who had carried the said bag to the narcotics office. Both testified that the examination of the said bag was done in the presence of the respondent. These are uncontroverted direct evidence which needs no further support for its sustenance.” [65] Di dalam kes Mogan Raj Ravi & Anor v. PP & Other Appeals [2020] 3 CLJ 240, Mahkamah Rayuan melalui penghakiman yang disampaikan oleh Rhodzariah Bujang HMR (beliau pada ketika itu) memutuskan seperti berikut: “[36] Lastly, also in relation to the issue of access, learned counsel highlighted to us the evidence adduced at the trial from PW9 as per p. 73 of the appeal record (nota keterangan) that 25 fingerprints were lifted from the impugned exhibits tendered in court and until the day he gave evidence in court, there was no result obtained whose fingerprints were these. The learned DPP agreed that this was so but countered that submission by saying that it was never put to PW9 that Murugaya's fingerprint was one of the said 25. Given their defence that Murugaya was the real culprit in this case, the presence of his, or his uncle's fingerprint for that matter, should have indeed been put to the witness. Nonetheless, case authorities are clear that fingerprint evidence is only corroborative evidence. This was held by the Supreme Court of India in Gade Laksmi Mangaraju v. State of Andra Pradish AIR [2007] Supreme Court 2677 and quoted in this court's decision in Amala Johnson v. PP [2019] CLJU 140; [2019] 1 LNS 140; [2019] MLJU 128 which also referred to the Supreme Court's decision in PP v. Mansor Md Rashid & Anor [1997] 1 CLJ 233 where Chang Siew Fai (CJ Sabah and Sarawak) held it was only where the identity of a culprit is in question or is required to be proved would finger print evidence be a great significance and value. In view of the clear evidence in this case based on the testimony of PW2 on the arrest of the appellants and the discovery of the drugs, pistol and bullets, as well as the evidence of PW5, PW7 and PW11, that fingerprint evidence is to us of no significance for without the said evidence the appellants have been proved to be in legal possession of both the drugs, pistol and bullets found in unit 3.” [66] Di dalam kes Yeo Kwee Huat v. Public Prosecutor [2011] 5 CLJ 630, Mahkamah Rayuan melalui penghakiman yang disampaikan oleh Sulaiman Daud HMR (beliau pada ketika itu) memutuskan seperti berikut: “[31] Adalah tidak dipertikaikan bahawa kotak kek P13 dan kedua-dua bungkusan plastik asal dadah yang dipersoalkan (P14A dan P14B) telah dihantar untuk pengesanan cap jari tetapi tiada penimbulan cap jari yang positif dikesan pada ekshibit-ekshibit tersebut. Atas alasan ini, peguam terpelajar perayu menghujahkan ketiadaan cap jari pada ekshibit-ekshibit tersebut turut menjejaskan kes pendakwaan. Kami mendapati tiada merit mengenai penghujahan sedemikian. Tujuan untuk menimbulkan cap jari pada sesuatu ekshibit adalah untuk menentukan identiti pesalah atau orang yang pernah mengendalikan ekshibit tersebut. Dalam kes sekarang ini tidak dipertikaikan bahawa semasa ditahan perayu sedang membawa beg P15 yang di dalamnya terdapat kotak kek P13 yang mengandungi dadah yang dipersoalkan. Oleh itu tiada keraguan bahawa dia mempunyai jagaan dan kawalan ke atas beg serta kotak kek dan dadah yang terkandung di dalamnya. Setelah elemen jagaan atau kawalan ini terbukti, maka anggapan di bawah s. 37(d) terpakai bagi menunjukkan milikan atau pengetahuan. Oleh itu kami mendapati ketiadaan kesan cap jari pada ekshibit-ekshibit tersebut tidak langsung menjejaskan kes pendakwaan, lebih-lebih lagi setelah menolak watak “Peter” yang dikatakan oleh perayu orang yang memasukkan kotak kek tersebut ke dalam begnya.” [67] Di dalam kes Public Prosecutor v. Badrulsham bin Baharom (supra) Mahkamah Tinggi memutuskan seperti yang berikut: “The next point raised by the learned defence counsel was more serious. He contended that since the prosecution had failed to send the exhibits particularly the eight packets wrapped in thin plastic sheets (P6A-H) to the chemist to check for finger prints, he urged this court to invoke the presumption under section 114(g) of the Evidence Act 1950 (Act 56) against the prosecution on the ground that had the prosecution carried out the finger print test it would probably show the existence of the finger prints of Noor Azlan and Bakree bin Jamal on the thin plastic coverings of P6A-H thereby revealing that these two persons were involved in the drug trafficking transaction in question. The failure of the police to do so also resulted in a disadvantage to the accused in that "had the finger prints of the accused not been found on the exhibits" the accused would be entitled to an acquittal. The learned defence counsel was not able to cite any authority in support of his contention. The answer to the learned defence counsel's contention can, however, be found in the following passage of Sarkar on Evidence 12th Ed. at p. 1045 where it is stated: “Adverse inference can be drawn if there is withholding of evidence and not merely on account of failure to obtain evidence." (Emphasis supplied) In the present case, the prosecution had clearly established that the accused was in actual physical custody and control of P3 and its contents. From the totality of the evidence, the prosecution had also clearly established that the accused had the necessary knowledge of P6A-H and the nature of the dangerous drugs in question. In the circumstances, I cannot find fault with the police for failing to send the exhibits to the chemist in order to carry out finger print tests. The contention of the learned defence counsel, with due respect, amounts to nothing more than to ask this court to determine not whether there was sufficient evidence adduced before this court to warrant a conviction of the accused but to determine that the methodology of the police investigation must be 100% correct regardless of the fact that the police had gathered more than sufficient evidence to sustain a conviction of the accused. I cannot lend a judicial countenance to such a contention. In any event as held by the Indian Supreme Court in Srichand v State of Maharashtra AIR 1967 SC 451, 453: "(9) Further, an adverse inference against the prosecution can be drawn only if it withholds certain evidence and not merely on account of its failure to obtain certain evidence. When no such evidence has been obtained, it cannot be said what that evidence would have been and, therefore, no question of presuming that that evidence would have been against the prosecution, under section 114, Illustration (g) of the Evidence Act, can arise." Besides, the learned defence counsel had failed to question any of the police witnesses as to why they did not send the exhibits for a finger print test. Had such a question been put to any one of them, a satisfactory explanation might have been given. I cannot therefore yield to the suggestion of the learned defence counsel particularly when I am fully satisfied from the totality of the evidence that the accused had knowledge of the dangerous drugs in question. Furthermore, as the bag, P3, and its contents were in his possession at the material time he had ample opportunity to dispose of the dangerous drugs in question when he chose to do so.”