the determination of any title or interest by operation of law. In other words, a chargor who is able to demonstrate that the charge, the enforcement of which is sought, is defeasible upon one or more of the grounds specified under subsections (2) and (4)(b) above will be held to have established cause to the contrary under s. 256(3). The decision of Smith J in Subchent Kaur V. Chai Sau Kian [1957] CLJU 81; [1957] 1 LNS 81, of the former Federal Court in Phuman Singh V. Kho Kwang Choon [1965] CLJU 132; [1965] 1 LNS 132, of Raja Azlan Shah J (as he then was) in Overseas Union Finance Ltd. V. Lim Joo Chong [1971] CLJU 101; [1971] 1 LNS 101and that of Edgar Joseph Jr. J. (as he then was) in United Malayan Banking Corporation Bhd. v. Syarikat Perumahan Luas Sdn. Bhd. [1988] 3 MLJ 352 (affirmed on appeal) sufficiently illustrate the proposition now under discussion. Secondly, a chargor may show cause to the contrary within s. 256(3) of the Code by demonstrating that the chargee has failed to meet the conditions precedent for the making of an application for an order for sale. For example, failure on the part of the chargee to prove the making of a demand or service upon the chargor of a notice in Form 16D would constitute cause to the contrary. So too, where the notice demands sums not lawfully due from the chargee. See, Co-operative Central Bank Ltd. v. Meng Kuang Properties Bhd. [1991] 2 CLJ 1144; [1991] 2 MLJ 283. However, in such a case, it would be open to the chargee to subsequently serve a notice or a proper notice (as the case may be) before commencing proceedings afresh as the cause shown to the contrary does not in substance affect the chargee's right to apply for an order for sale. Thirdly, a chargor may defeat an application for an order for sale by demonstrating that its grant would be contrary to some rule of law or equity. This principle finds its origins in the judgment of Aitken J. in Murugappa Chettiar V. Letchumanan Chettiar [1938] CLJU 42; [1938] 1 LNS 42where he said: I agree that equitable principles should not be invoked too freely for the purpose of construing our Land Code, but surely a Chargor, who shows that there would be no need to sell his land if the chargee has been paid up in full what is due from himself in another capacity, has shown good and sufficient cause why the land should not be sold. Section 149 of the Land Code obviously contemplates that there may be cases in which charged land should not be sold, even though there has been a default in payment of the principal sum or interest thereon secured by the charge; and it seems to me that a chargor may 'shew cause' either in law or equity against an application for an order for sale, and that the Courts should refuse to make an order in every case where it would be unjust to do so. By 'unjust' I mean contrary to those rules of the common law and equity which are in force in the Federated Malay States. [21]lni bermakna, "Cause to the contrary" hanya boleh dibangkitkan dalam tiga kategori berikut :a) apabila gadaian itu defeasible, termasuk dalam keadaan keadaan yang diiktiraf di bawah seksyen 340 KTN; b) apabila syarat-syarat terdahulu bagi permohonan perintah jualan tidak dipenuhi, seperti kegagalan menyampaikan notis tuntutan atau Borang 16D, atau notis menuntut jumlah yang tidak sah di sisi undang-undang; atau c) apabila pemberian perintah jualan itu bertentangan dengan sesuatu kaedah undang-undang atau ekuiti. [22] Kes Low Lee Lian (Supra) tersebut turut menegaskan bahawa prosiding di bawah seksyen 256 KTN adalah suatu prosiding in rem, dan bukannya forum untuk melitigasi secara penuh semua pertikaian kontraktual atau peribadi antara pihak-pihak. [23]Prinsip yang sama telah diulangi Oleh Mahkamah Rayuan dalam kes Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd v Emcee Corporation Sdn Bhd [2003] 1 CLJ 625 yang menyatakan, inter alia, walaupun kemudahan yang diberikan ialah kemudahan perbankan Islam, remedi yang dicari di bawah gadaian tanah kekal remedi statutori di bawah KTN, dan undang-undang yang sama terpakai. Ini dapat dilihat sebagaimana yang berikut :- As was mentioned at the beginning of this judgment the facility is an Islamic banking facility. But that does not mean that the law applicable in this application is different from the law that is applicable if the facility were given under conventional banking. The charge is a charge under the National Land Code. The remedy available and sought is a remedy provided by the National Land Code. The procedure is provided by the Code and the Rules of the High Court 1980. The court adjudicating it is the High Court. So, it is the same law that is applicable, the same order that would be, if made, and the same principles that should be applied in deciding the application. [24] Adalah tidak dinafikan bahawa tafsiran terhadap "cause to the contrary" dikatakan bersifat sempit dan terhad. Dalam hal ini, Mahkamah ini juga merujuk kepada kes Maybank Islamic Berhad V. Hoo Soot Khing [2025] CLJU 1440 yang ada menyentuh rasional di sebalik tafsiran yang ketat ini sebagaimana yang berikut :- [19] This interpretation of 'cause to the contrary' is said to be too narrow and restrictive. Its restrictive nature was acknowledged by Gopal Sri Ram JCA in Low Lee Lian v. Ban Hin Lee Bank Berhad(supra) wherein His Lordship stated that the rationale behind this narrow interpretation lies in policy reasons. The money that banks lend as loans are funds deposited by their customers, which needs to be recovered promptly. When a borrower defaults in paying back a loan, the only way to recover the money is via the sale of the security charged on that loan. If 'cause to the contrary' is liberally interpreted, banks and financial institutions would lose confidence in their right to recover money this way, and become reluctant to lend money. Given the significant reliance of many businesses on loans, such a scenario would result in numerous adverse economic consequences, which Courts would be compelled to prevent. [20] Furthermore, the rationale behind this strict interpretation of 'cause to the contrary' is justified, given that the procedures outlined in Section 256 of NLC are intended to be quick and summary in nature. The Court's role under this section is to assess whether the necessary statutory notices have been provided, if procedural requirements according to Order 83 of the Rules have been adhered to, and ultimately to determine whether the chargor's argument constitutes a valid 'cause to the contrary'. [21] In the realm of Islamic Banking, the stringent stance adopted in Low Lee Lian v. Ban Hin Lee Bank Bhd(supra) is interpreted with an even greater emphasis on rigor and adherence to Shariah principles. This is in line with the Islamic principle that a loan in a form of an agreement between a debtor and creditor shall be fulfilled. The alQuran states as follows: "O you who have believed, fulfil [all] contracts." Surah alMaidah (1) "And they (the believers) are those who are to their trusts and their promises attentive." Surah al-Mu'minuun (8) [22] In the case of Arab-Malaysian Merchant Bank Bhd v. Silver Concept Sdn Bhd [2006] 8 CLJ 9; [2005] 5 MLJ 210 (HC) for instance, Suriyadi J (as His Lordship then was) held that: "Any transacted Islamic banking business must be presumed to be in order at the outset unless rebutted later. At its inception, so long as the bank genuinely adhered to the very fundamentals of the al-Quran and authentic hadith, ie the exact demands of the religion of Islam, and the papers on the face of it were in order, that bank may proceed with the relevant banking transaction." (paragraph 16). [23] In affirming the interpretation of cause to the contrary in Low Lee Lian v. Ban Hin Lee Bank Bhd(supra), the High Court in Arab Malaysian Merchant Bank Bhd v. Silver Concept Sdn Bhd(supra) held as follows:- "So long as the correct amount was before the court at the final hearing, then the court may dispense with certain minor omissions or errors that do not fall under the category of 'cause to the contrary'. As the sum had remained unchanged, with the error being temporary and merely procedural in nature, let alone the defendant was never prejudiced by those botched references, the court will be unable to agree that this factor sufficed to qualify as 'cause to the contrary', (paragraph 57) [25] Berdasarkan perkara-perkara yang dinyatakan di atas, saya kini teruskan dengan meneliti isu-isu yang berbangkit. Analisis dan Dapatan Mahkamah Isu Pertama: Sama ada Plaintif telah Membuktikan Prasyarat bagi Perintah Jualan [26] Saya mendapati bahawa Plaintif telah membuktikan secara memuaskan prasyarat-prasyarat bagi permohonan ini. [27] Pertama, kewujudan gadaian berdaftar ke atas hartanah tersebut memihak kepada Plaintif tidak dinafikan secara sah oleh Defendan. Rekod hakmilik dan rekod urusan jelas menunjukkan bahawa gadaian di bawah Perserahan No. 2227/2020 telah didaftarkan pada 9.1.2020. [28] Kedua, tidak terdapat pertikaian sebenar bahawa kemudahan-kemudahan CMTF-i dan CL-i telah diluluskan, didokumenkan dan dinikmati oleh Defendan. Bahkan, bantahan Defendan sendiri dibina atas premis bahawa kemudahan-kemudahan tersebut wujud, tetapi kononnya tidak patuh Syariah. [29] Ketiga, Plaintif telah menunjukkan melalui afidavit - afidavitnya bahawa Defendan telah mungkin di bawah kemudahan-kemudahan tersebut. Bagi tujuan seksyen 256 KTN, Mahkamah tidak dikehendaki menjalankan perbicaraan penuh mengenai semua butiran akaun, tetapi hanya perlu berpuas hati bahawa wujud kemungkiran yang mencetuskan hak pemegang gadaian untuk menguatkuasakan sekuritinya. [30] Keempat, Mahkamah berpuas hati bahawa surat tuntutan bertarikh 29.8.2025 dan Borang 16D bertarikh 28.10.2025 telah dikeluarkan dan disampaikan dengan sewajarnya. Rekod pengeposan berdaftar dan perakuan pengeposan telah dikemukakan. Defendan tidak berjaya menunjukkan apa-apa kecacatan material dalam penyampaian notis-notis tersebut. [33] Kelima, tiada bukti bahawa Defendan telah memperbetulkan kemungkiran dalam tempoh notis yang dikehendaki. [32] Saya juga mengambil maklum bahawa Plaintif telah menjawab isu berkenaan jumlah penggunaan kemudahan CL-i melalui afidavit lanjutannya dan melalui sijil keberhutangan. Dalam keadaan kes ini, bahan tersebut mencukupi untuk menunjukkan keberhutangan bagi maksud remedi di bawah KTN. [33] Dengan itu, Mahkamah berpuas hati bahawa Plaintif telah memenuhi prasyarat bagi suatu perintah jualan di bawah seksyen 256 KTN. Isu Kedua: Sama ada Defendan telah Menunjukkan "Cause to the Contrary" [34] Setelah meneliti bantahan-bantahan Defendan, saya mendapati dan berpuas hati bahawa tiada satu pun daripadanya berjaya menimbulkan cause to the contrary dalam mana-mana kategori yang diiktiraf oleh undang-undang.