Pihak defendan telah merujuk kepada Seksyen 121 Akta Pengangkutan Jalan 1987 dalam hujahan bertulis mereka dan berhujah bahawa saman trafik adalah inadmissible sebagai keterangan untuk prosiding sivil dalam kes kemalangan. Mahkamah tidak setuju dengan interpretasi pihak defendan ke atas peruntukan undang-undang ini. Mahkamah hanya perlu merujuk tajuk kepada seksyen 121: “section 121 plea of guilty by letter and compounding shall not affect provision of policy of insurance” untuk menyatakan bahawa rujukan pihak defendan tidak tepat. Maka, seksyen 121 APJ adalah berkaitan dengan polisi insurans dan bukan penentuan kecuaian. Dalam kes Bong Chee Min v. Jacknoris Golinjun [2020] 1 LNS 120, Mahkamah Tinggi memutuskan bahawa: [27] Counsel for the Defendant contended that the summons and fine were not conclusive of liability. I am mindful of the cases of Annamalay Retnam v. Mah Chong Peng & Anor [2010] 6 CLJ 487, Rozita Ahmad & Yang Lain lwn. Mohd Yusof Saidin & Satu Lagi [2015] 1 LNS 1289, and Mohd Salleh Samad v. Zainuddin Dongking [2002] 1 CLJ 139, to that effect. However, although not conclusive of liability, it is nevertheless a very telling fact. [28] It is pertinent to note that failure on the part of any person to observe any provision of the traffic rules shall not of itself render that person liable to criminal proceedings of any kind, but any such failure may in any proceedings, whether civil or criminal, be relied on by any party to the proceedings as tending to establish or to negative any liability which is in question in those proceedings:section 68(3) of the Road Transport Act 1987 ("RTA"). [Emphasis added]. See also Thanalakshmi Muchan v. Ong Koi Soi [2009] 10 CLJ 735. [29] In fact, in Ong Cheng Wah v. Supramaniam a/l Arjunan [2001] 4 CLJ 202; [2001] MLJU 291, it was stated by VT Singham J that 'any breach of the provisions of the Highway Code which is directly relevant to the facts of the case is prima facie evidence of negligence...' See also Chan Peng Fook v. Kan Pak Lee [1974] 1 LNS 18; [1974] 2 MLJ 197 and Yahaya Bin Mat & Anor. v. Abdul Rahman bin Abu [1982] CLJ Rep 363; [1982] CLJ 68; [1982] 1 MLJ 202. [30] On this issue, Counsel for the Defendant relied on section 121 of the RTA … [31] In my view, section 121 of the RTA is clearly not applicable. The correct provision is section 68(3) of the RTA. In any event, although the summons issued is not conclusive of guilt, the Plaintiff is nevertheless allowed to rely on it. Defendan pertama tidak hadir di mahkamah 39. Pihak defendan telah menutup kes tanpa mengemukakan saksi. Defendan pertama tidak hadir di Mahkamah untuk memberi keterangan pada Januari 24, 2024 iaitu tarikh sambung bicara yang ditetapkan untuk kes defendan, dan peguamcara defendan telah memberi penjelasan dalam bentuk statement from the bar bahawa defendan tidak dapat dihubungi, tidak menjawab panggilan dan tidak membalas mesej. Atas permohonan penangguhan peguamcara defendan, Mahkamah telah menangguhkan kes ini ke April 24,