2.25 Namun, sebelum tarikh lelongan (22.7.2017), pada 13.6.2016, Plaintif telah memfailkan tindakan Saman Pemula (Kandungan 1) ini. [3] Plaintif telah cuba mengetepikan perintah jualan bertarikh 8.3.2016 dengan memohon daripada Mahkamah ini satu perintah untuk mengisytiharkan bahawa perintah lelongan awam yang dikeluarkan oleh Defendan Pertama bertarikh 8.3.2016 adalah tidak sah kerana terdapat atau wujudnya kausa yang bertentangan “cause to contrary”. [4] Kedua-dua Defendan di dalam menentang permohonan Plaintif telah memfailkan afidavit-afifdavit berikut: i. Afidavit Jawapan Defendan Kedua Jilid 1 dan Jilid 2 bertarikh 26.7.2016. ii. Afidavit tambahan Defendan Kedua bertarikh 5.8.2016. iii. Afidavit Jawapan Defendan Pertama bertarikh 2.9.2017. iv. Afidavit Jawapan Defendan Kedua bertarikh 5.10.2016. 17 [5] Di dalam menentang keras permohonan Plaintif, Defendan Pertama (D1) dan Defendan Kedua (D2) telah membangkitkan bantahan-bantahan berikut: i. permohonan Plaintif yang dibuat berdasarkan rayuan di bawah seksyen 418 KTN adalah dihalang oleh had masa yang diperuntukan oleh seksyen 418 KTN. ii. permohonan/tindakan Plaintif adalah diestop/ dihalang oleh doktrin res judicata. iii. proses perlaksanaan dan tindakan Defendan Pertama di dalam mengeluarkan perintah jualan hartanah tersebut adalah teratur dan selaras dengan peruntukan di bawah KTN. iv. tindakan Defendan Pertama telah dibuat suci hati dan dilindungi oleh peruntukkan KTN. v. tidak wujud kausa yang bertentangan bagi menghalang satu perintah jualan dikeluarkan oleh Defendan Pertama (D1). 18 Alasan i: Halangan Had Masa Di bawah sekyen 418 [6] Mahkamah ini telah merujuk kepada intitulmen saman pemula Plaintif dan mendapati Plaintif telah membawa permohonannya ke Mahkamah ini menurut seksyen-seksyen 263, 417, 418 KTN dan prosidur rayuan di bawah Aturan 55A Kaedah-Kaedah Mahkamah 2012 (KKM 2012). [7] Di samping itu, Plaintif juga telah cuba membawa permohonannya di bawah seksyen 41 Akta Relif Spesifik 1950 (ASR) dengan memohon perintah deklarasi bagi mengisytiharkan perintah D1 tersebut adalah tidak sah. [8] Pertama, Mahkamah ini perlu menekankan bahawa seksyen 417 KTN semestinya tidak terpakai bagi kes Plaintif. [9] Begitu juga dengan seksyen 41 ARS 1950. Relif di bawah Seksyen 41 ARS ini tidak terbuka ‘available’ kepada Plaintif kerana undang-undang adalah jelas dan jitu bahawa apabila undang-undang statut memperuntukan remedi dalaman, mana-mana pihak yang terkilan atas perintah yang dikeluarkan menurut statut tersebut hendaklah 19 menggunakan kesemua remedi dalaman yang diperuntukkan sebelum ke Mahkamah. [10] Kedudukan undang-undang mengenai perkara ini adalah jelas dengan merujuk kepada kes-kes berikut: i. Mahkamah Rayuan di dalam kes Sakapp Commodities (M) Sdn Bhd v Cecil Abraham (Executor of the Estate of Loo Cheng Ghee) [1998] 4 MLJ 651: “It is beyond dispute that the remedy of declaration is discretionary in nature. Section 41 of the Specific Relief Act 1950 reads as follows: Any person entitled to any legal character, to any right as to any property, may institute a suit against any person denying, or interested to deny, his title to the character or right, and the court may in its discretion make therein a declaration that he is so entitled, the plaintiff need not in that suit ask for any further relief: 20 Provided that no court shall make any such declaration where the plaintiff, being able to seek further relief than a mere declaration or title, omits to do so. Explanation — A trustee of property is a 'person interested to deny' a title adverse to the title of some one who is not in existence, and for whom, if in existence, he would be a trustee.' (Emphasis added.) Although s 41 is not a complete code upon the subject of declaratory decrees (Attorney General of Hong Kong v Zauyah Wan Chik & Ors and another appeal [1995] 2 MLJ 620) and the power to make a declaration is almost unlimited (Hanson v Radcliffe Urban District Council [1922] 2 Ch 490 at p 507 per Lord Sterndale MR), yet, the remedy of declaration may be refused upon settled principles. Thus, generally speaking, the court will not grant a declaratory judgment where an adequate alternative remedy is available (Manggai v Government of Sarawak & Anor [1970] 2 MLJ 41).” ii. Hakim K.C Vohrah (YA pada ketika itu) di dalam kes Lokmanal Hakim Ramli & Ors v. Hj. Ismail Ishak & Ors [1992] 2 CLJ (Rep) 795, di dalam memutuskan di dalam perkara-pekara pesaka kecil yang di bawah bidang kuasa Pentadbir Pesaka 21 dan terdapatnya peruntukan rayuan di bawah seksyen 29(1) Akta Pembahagian Pesaka Kecil 1955 telah menyatakan berikut di muka surat 798 dan 798: “In this case the matters complained of relate to a small estate which under the Act are within the exclusive original jurisdiction of the Collector; the plaintiffs should under s.29(1) of the Act have appealed against both orders of the Collector made on 22 February 1987, the order made under s.13 relating to the distribution of the property and the other order made under s. 14 relating to the colleteral dispute. I am not unmindful of the Supreme Court case of Development and Commercial Bank Bhd. v. Land Administrator, Wilayah Persekutuan [1991] 2 MLJ 181 on the availability of the remedy available to him to redress a grievance he has against a decision or order of an authority constituted under a statute. The Plaintiffs in this case are indeed applying, inter alia, for a declaration that the defendants had renounced their beneficial share in the property of deceased Ishak and for a consequential order to set aside the Collector’s order of distribution. However, all the plaintiffs being aggrieved parties within the meaning of 2. 29(1) of the Act they had a right of appeal 22 and they should have appeal and they should have appealed under s. 29(1) and the remedy of declaration is not open to them.” iii. Di dalam Manggai v Government of Sarawak & Anor [1970] 2 MLJ 41, Mahkamah Persekutuan di muka surat 44 telah memutuskan antara lain seperti yang berikut: “It is well settled law that the court will not make a declaratory judgment where an adequate alternative remedy is available (see Halsbury's Laws of England, 3rd edition, volume 22, page 749, paragraph 1611). To quote but a few authorities in support of that proposition, Lord Herschell said in Barraclough v Brown: "It was argued for the appellant that, even if not entitled to recover the expenses by action in the High Court, he was, at all events, entitled to come to that court for a declaration that on the true interpretation of the statute he had a right to recover them. It might be enough to say that no such case was made by the appellant's claim. But, apart from this, I think it would be very mischievous to hold that when a party is compelled by statute to resort to an inferior court he can come first to the High Court to have his right to recover – the very matter relegated to the inferior court – determined. Such a 23 proposition was not supported by authority, and is, I think, unsound in principle." In Pasmore v The Oswaldtwistle Urban District Council Earl of Halsbury L.C. said: "… The principle that where a specific remedy is given by a statute, it thereby deprives the person who insists upon a remedy of any other form of remedy than that given by the statute, is one which is very familiar and which runs through the law." In the more recent case of Wilkinson v Barking Corporation Asquith L.J. said: "… It is undoubtedly good law that where a statute creates a right and, in plain language, gives a specific remedy or appoints a specific tribunal for its enforcement, a party seeking to enforce the right must resort to that remedy or that tribunal, and not to others." iv. Hakim Hepworth di dalam kes Chop Chuah Seong Joo v. Teh Chooi Nai & Ors. (1963) 29 M.L.J. 96, di muka surat 100 telah menyatakan: “In the present case the plaintiffs were not without a remedy. They were specifically given a right of appeal on a point of law by section 24 11 of the 1956 Ordinance. They have suffered no injustice because they have only themselves to blame for not pursuing the appeal. In my opinion section 11 of the 1956 Ordinance provides for an aggrieved party an entirely adequate alternative remedy and accordingly this is not a case in which a claim to a declaration should be entertained.” [11] Justeru itu, di dalam kes ini adalah jelas bahawa Plaintif tidak berhak untuk mendapatkan satu perintah mengisytiharkan perintah jualan bertarikh 8.3.2016 itu tidak sah atau terbatal menurut seksyen 41 ARS 1950. [12] Peruntukan yang tinggal untuk Plaintif bergantung adalah seksyen 418 KTN. [13] Seksyen 418 memperuntukkan berikut: “418. Appeals to the Court