(iv) identify the persons against whom the order is sought is likely to have or had the documents in his possession, custody or power.” Analisis dan Dapatan Mahkamah Sama ada Plf mempunyai kausa tindakan bona fide ke atas Def [11] Di dalam Afidavit Sokongannya, Plf telah menjelaskan latar belakang ke atas kes ini dan Mahkamah telah mendapati bahawa Plf telah menegaskan kausa tindakan yang dicadangkan diambil ke atas Def. Ia berkaitan tort fitnah yang didakwa dilakukan oleh Def ke atas Plf. Plf turut menunjukkan artikel yang dimuatnaik di dalam laman sesawang Def serta di bahagian mana dan bagaimana ianya dikatakan menjadi satu fitnah kepada Plf. [12] Tujuan permohonan di bawah Aturan ini adalah bagi membantu Plf di dalam mencari keadilan ke atas dirinya. Ia bagi membolehkan Plf mendapat maklumat sebanyak mana mungkin maklumat bagi membolehkan Plf untuk menyediakan pliding yang sesuai serta tepat. Ini penting bagi memastikan Plf boleh mengemukakan pliding yang boleh membantu kepada penyelesaian yang adil serta menjimatkan kos. [13] Ini sejajar dengan tujuan permohonan seperti ini seperti apa yang dinyatakan oleh Hakim Noorin Badaruddin HMT di dalam kes Yap Sin Moy v Pembinaan YSL Sdn Bhd [2018] 1 LNS 972 seperti berikut: “[21] Relying on the authorities cited in the above, it can therefore be understood that the purpose of a pre-action discovery is to enable the applicant to decide whether he can commence action and that the information from the disclosure sought can determine and assist him/her in reaching an answer to that predicament. In other words, the Plaintiff must establish that she does not know whether she has an executable or viable claim and the documents sought in the OS are necessary 'in search of the answer'. The Plaintiff must not only satisfy the conditions under the order but it is incumbent for her to show why the application at this stage is necessary instead of discovery in the usual course of proceedings when an action is commenced. It is also important for the Plaintiff to establish how this pre-action discovery is necessary for the fair disposal of the cause or matter or that it will lead to saving of costs rather than a discovery in the usual course of proceedings.” [14] Sehubungan dengan itu, bagi isu ini, Mahkamah berpuashati bahawa Plf telah berjaya menunjukkan kepada Mahkamah bahawa Plf mempunyai satu kausa tindakan bona fide ke atas Def. Sama ada dokumen sepertimana yang diminta oleh Plf adalah wujud, relevan dan berada di dalam milikan Def. [15] Di dalam isu ini, peguam Def menghujahkan bahawa penzahiran dokumen di peringkat ini adalah bukan semata-mata untuk mengenalpasti siapakah defendan dan butiran sepertimana yang diminta oleh Plf. [16] Bagi peguam Def, tindakan ini lebih kepada expedisi pencarian fakta atau dinyatakan di dalam kes Infoline Sdn Bhd (supra) sebagai “fishing expedition” seperti berikut: “We also agree with the Court of Appeal that in determining whether an application ought to be allowed, three counter-constraints must be considered: the problem of 'fishing'; non-parties' reasonable explanation in maintaining confidentiality and privacy; and the danger that judicially administered orders for pre-action discovery can have the untoward effect of increasing the costs of dispute resolution as courts should not be seen as encouraging satellite litigation on claims that have not and/or may not be commenced” [17] Mahkamah telah meneliti K2 dan mendapati bahawa Plf telah menyatakan dengan jelas tindakan yang akan diambilnya ke atas Def dan individu-individu yang terlibat dalam penerbitan artikel tersebut. Oleh itu, tidak timbul Plf setakat ini belum mengenalpasti pihak yang hendak disaman. Bagi pandangan Mahkamah, tuntutan Plf adalah lebih bermaksud untuk mencari siapa pelaku sebenar kepada dakwaan fitnahnya tersebut. [18] Hakim Hamid Sultan Abu Backer di dalam kes Bandar Utama Development (supra) menegaskan: “[14] In the Norwich case, the House of Lords stated that where a person, albeit innocently and without incurring any personal liability, became involved in the tortious acts of others, he came under a duty to assist one injured by those acts by giving him full information by way of discovery and disclosing the identity of the wrongdoers, and for that purpose it mattered not that such involvement was the result of voluntary action or the consequence of the performance of a statutory duty or otherwise; and that, accordingly, prima facie the respondents were under a duty to disclose the information sought. In this case, the court held that a party could bring a specific action by writ against a person for discovery in the name of a potential defendant if that person has facilitated the wrongdoing of the potential defendant and has the necessary information. The Norwich rule was applied in Loose v. Williamson[1978] WLR 639 and British Steel Corporation v. Granada Television Limited[1980] 3 WLR 774. [15] The principles enunciated in Norwich case was adopted and approved in First Malaysia Finance Berhad v. Dato' Mohd Fathi Ahmad [1993] 3 CLJ 329; [1993] 2 MLJ 497. In this case, it was held that the general rule as laid down in the Norwich case is that discovery to find the identity of the wrongdoer is available against anyone against whom the plaintiff has a cause of action in relation to the same wrong.” [19] Mahkamah mendapati tindakan Plf adalah terarah kepada melengkapkan keseleluruhan tuntutannya ke atas Def. Ini seperti rujukan MR di dalam kes Infoline Sdn Bhd (supra) ke atas kes Ching Mun Fong v Standard Chartered Bank [2012] 2 SLR 22 sebagaimana berikut: “[19] Subsequently, Lai J in Ching Mun Fong v. Standard Chartered Bank [2012] 2 SLR 22, held that a pre-action application is particularly appropriate where the applicant needs information or evidence "to mount a claim, and not to fish for additional evidence to ground further causes of action":