Malaysia legislation

Section 12

of AKTA UNDANG-UNDANG SIVIL 1956

Seksyen 12

(a)

this sub-section shall not operate to defeat any defence arising under a contract;

(b)

where any contract or written law providing for the limitation of liability is applicable to the claim the amount of damages recoverable by the claimant by virtue of this sub-section shall not exceed the maximum limit so applicable.

(2)

Where damages are recoverable by any person by virtue of the foregoing sub-section subject to such reduction as is therein mentioned, the Court shall find and record the total damages which would have been recoverable if the claimant had not been at fault.

(3)

Section 10 of this Ordinance shall apply in any case where two or more persons are liable or would, if they had all been sued, be liable by virtue of subsection (1) of this section in respect of the damage suffered by any person.

(4)

Where any person dies as the result partly of his own fault and partly of the fault of any other person or persons, and accordingly if an action were brought for the benefit of the estate under section 8 of this Ordinance, the damages recoverable would be reduced under sub-section (1) of this section, any damages recoverable in an action brought for the benefit of the dependants of that person under section 7 of this Ordinance shall be reduced to a proportionate extent.

(5)

Where in any case to which sub-section (1) of this section applies, one of the persons at fault avoids liability to any other such person or his personal representative by pleading the Limitation Ordinance, 1953, or any other written law limiting the time within which proceedings may be taken, he shall not be entitled to recover any damages or contributions from that other person or representative by virtue of the said sub-section.

(6)

In this section "fault" means negligence, breach of statutory duty or other act or omission which gives rise to a liability in tort or would, apart from this Ordinance, give rise to the defence of contributory negligence.