Malaysia legislation
Section 239
Section 239
In any proceedings for an offence under this Act, in so far as it may be necessary to establish the offence charged, it shall be presumed until the contrary is proved—
(a)
that any conveyance of passengers in a public service vehicle, tourism vehicle or railway, as the case may be, was for hire or reward;
(b)
that any conveyance of goods in a goods vehicle or railway, as the case may be, was for hire or reward;
(c)
that passengers carried in—
(i)
a public service vehicle were being carried in consideration of separate payments made by them;
(ii)
a tourism vehicle were being carried in consideration of a single or separate payments made by them;
(iii)
a railway were being carried in consideration of separate payments made by them;
(d)
that any person is not the holder of a vocational licence under Chapter 6 of Part IV;
Land Public Transport 193
(e)
that any person is not the holder of a short term licence or short term operator’s licence under Part III; or
(f)
that any person is not the holder of a licence or operator’s licence under Part II, Part III or Part IV, as the case may be.
Liability of registered owner and others in respect of relevant vehicle