Islam is the religion of the Federation; but other religions may be practised in peace and harmony in any part of the Federation.
In every State other than States not having a Ruler the position of the Ruler as the Head of the religion of Islam in his
State in the manner and to the extent acknowledged and declared by the Constitution of that State, and, subject to that Constitution, all rights, privileges, prerogatives and powers enjoyed by him as Head of that religion, are unaffected and unimpaired; but in any acts, observances or ceremonies with respect to which the
Conference of Rulers has agreed that they should extend to the
Federation as a whole each of the other Rulers shall in his capacity of Head of the religion of Islam authorize the Yang di-Pertuan
Agong to represent him.
The Constitution of the States of Malacca, Penang, Sabah and Sarawak shall each make provision for conferring on the
Yang di-Pertuan Agong the position of Head of the religion of
Islam in that State.
Nothing in this Article derogates from any other provision of this Constitution.
Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution the Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall be the Head of the religion of Islam in the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya;
and for this purpose Parliament may by law make provisions for regulating Islamic religious affairs and for constituting a Council to advise the Yang di-Pertuan Agong in matters relating to the religion of Islam.