Perintah Keselamatan Sosial Pekerja 1969 (Pindaan Jadual Kelima) 2008

Logam dan penggunaan atau pengendalian sebatiannya (pengilangan, pengangkutan,

Perengsa pernafasan, bronkitis kronik, fibrosis pulmonari, dermatitis

Dermatitis, pneumokoniosis, hemolisis, anuria, penembusan septum hidung, kecederaan miokardium, kanser paru-paru

(Antimoni trioksida)

Ensefalopati, neuritis periferal, polineuropati, anemia hemolitik perolehan, kerosakan glomerulus dan tubul, penembusan septum hidung, hiperkeratosis kulit, fibrosis paru-paru, distrofi permukaan kornea, angiosarkoma hepar, kanser kulit dan paru-paru

Pneumokoniosis benigna

(baritosis), iritasi setempat penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada logam dan wasap, debu atau wap toksiknya atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa pengimpalan logam aluminum; digunakan sebagai pengikat fosfor, pengilangan tin, bekas dan bungkusan, pigmen, cat, mangkin, aloi, enjin dan komponen pesawat udara, wayar dan kabel elektrik, rangka tingkap, antipeluh dan dalam loji penurunan aluminum

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai perencat. nyalaan bagi plastik, cat, tekstil, kertas, getah dan perekat, aloi dalam penghasilan grid bateri, tuangan jenis, sarung kabel dan pengilangan peranti semikonduktor

Pendedahan semasa perlombongan, penghasilan aloi, peleburan kuprum, penghasilan dan penggunaan pestisid, herbisid, insektisid arsenik;

penggunaan dalam industri mikroelektronik; dan digunakan sebagai pigmen dan agen penapis dalam pembuatan kaca, bahan pengawet dalam pemerangan kayu dan sarung kabel

Pendedahan semasa pengilangan aloi aluminum, seramik (sebagai fluks), pengimpalan fluks rod, nyalaan isyarat dan bunga api, detergen minyak pelincir, getah, cat, kertas, linoleum dan plastik

(sebagai pengisi), penanggal bulu, pestisid; semasa penapisan bijih barit aa,

159

Bahan kimia-Logam dan sebatiannya

Penyakit berilium kronik, trakeobronkitis, dermatitis

(pengulseran atau granuloma)

pneumonitis, beriliosis, kanser paru-paru

Iritasi pernafasan dan kulit depresi sistem saraf pusat, gangguan tingkah laku mental, kerosakan ginjal

Osteomalasia, pneumonitis, emfisema, kerosakan tubul dan glomerulus dengan kegagalan ginjal, anosmia, kanser paru-paru

Ulserhidung dan kulit, penembusan septum hidung, nekrosis tubul, dermatitis alergi dan iritasi, asma

Dermatitis sentuh alergi, penyakit paru-paru logam keras, kardiomiopati

Hemolisis, fibrosis pulmonari, demam wasap logam

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada logam dan wasap, debu atau wap toksiknya atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa penghasilan aloi keras dan tahan kakisan dalam industri aeroangkasa, reaktor nuklear; produk seramik dan refraktori, penghubung elektrik, suis, pengimpalan elektrod, tiub sinaran katod, aloi logam dan litografi bagi industri elektronik

Pendedahan semasa penyahgasan dan penyahoksidaan logam;

proses pengerasan keluli; proses metalurgik (sebagai fluks dan sanga pemerisaian); digunakan dalam reaktor atom sebagai penyerap neutron; penghasilan gentian kaca dan dalam produk peluntur

Pendedahan semasa penyaduran elektrik; pengilangan bateri nikel-kadmium, galas kelajuan tinggi, pematerian, pengimpalan dan pematerian keras perak

(sebagai pengisi); digunakan dalam industri plastik (penstabil);

digunakan sebagai pigmen (dalam getah, dakwat, plastik, cat, tekstil)

dan pengilangan barang kemas

Pendedahan semasa penyaduran elektrik, pengilangan pewarna atau pigmen dan pengimpalan

Pendedahan semasa pengilangan aloi bersuhu tinggi untuk enjin jet

Pendedahan semasa penyaduran elektrik, pengilangan rayon, pigmen dan racun kulat berasaskan kuprum

P.U. (A) 32. 160

Bahan kimia-Pekerjaan yang melibatkan

Logam dan penggunaan atau pengendalian sebatiannya (pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada logam dan wasap, debu atau wap toksiknya atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Alkil

Organik

Halusinasi, fikiran terganggu, kekeliruan, koma

Pneumonitis kimia,

Parkinsonisme sekunder, ensefalopati, kecederaan ginjal, demam wasap logam

Ketoksikan sistem saraf pusat yang dicirikan melalui gabungan kemerosotan serebelum dan korteks

Ketoksikan sistem saraf pusat yang dicirikan melalui tremor dan penyakit neuropsikiatri

Dermatitis sentuh alergi, asma, pneumonitis ruang-antara, kanser hidung dan paru-paru (Nikel bisulfida)

perpaipan, senjata, seramik, kristal, pengilangan bateri simpanan plumbum; pengimpalan atau pemotongan, percetakan sembur dan tembikar

Pendedahan semasa penghasilan bahan api, pengangkutan agen antiketuk, pengadunan bendalir antiketuk dan gasolin mentah di tempat penapisan agen antiketuk, pembersihan tangki yang mengandungi gasolin berplumbum atau bahan api penerbangan

Pendedahan semasa perlombongan dan pemprosesan, pengisaran, peleburan, metalurgi, pengimpalan dan pelicauan tembikar; pengilangan bateri kering dan racun kulat; digunakan sebagai agen pengoksida dalam industri kimia dan dalam penghasilan keluli dan aloi

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pengilangan antiseptik, germisid, diuretik, kontraseptif, racun perosak (racun alga, racun kulat), cat dan lilin serta dalam industri kimia (mangkin dan agen pengalkilan)

Pendedahan semasa penghasilan elektrolitik natrium hidroksida dan klorin, penghasilan bateri, pengilangan racun kulat, metalurgi dan pengilangan kelengkapan yang mengandungi raksa

Pendedahan semasa pemekatan, peleburan atau penapisan dalam industri penghasilan nikel, penghasilan keluli tahan karat, pengilangan bateri, metalurgi, aloi, penyaduran elektrik;

digunakan sebagai mangkin dan pigmen; pelombong bijih nikel sulfida dan pekerja kilang aloi nikel

161 P.U. (A) 32.

Bahan kimia-Pekerjaan yang melibatkan

Logam dan penggunaan atau pengendalian sebatiannya (pengilangan, pengangkutan,

15, Nikel karbonil p D 16. Fosforus

: 20. Tin

(trimetil, trietiltin)

Pneumonitis ruang-antara, edema pulmonari dan serebrum, pendarahan serebrum

Nekrosis rahang, luka terbakar dermis, iritasi pernafasan, ketoksikan hepar dan ginjal

Asma, dermatitis sentuh alergi, rinitis alergi

Edema pulmonari,dermatitis alergi perengsa kulit dan luka terbakar pada kulit

Polineuropati deria motor

Iritasi pernafasan,pneumokoniosis benigna (stannosis), iritasi kulit dan sawan

Iritasi mata, iritasi ringan hingga teruk pada kulit dan membran mukus, edema serebrum, nekrosis hepar dan sawan

Penyakit buah pinggang, kanser paru-paru, sakit sinaran penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada logam dan wasap, debu atau wap toksiknya atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada gas karbonil nikel semasa penapisan nikel

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai baja; digunakan dalam penghasilan minuman dan dentifris (garam asid fosforik);

racun perosak/racun haiwan perosak, perencat nyalaan, penghasilan gasolin dan minyak pelincir (sebatian fosforus tak organik); penghasilan bahan letupan, senjata dan mancis

(fosforus merah)

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penyaduran elektrik, operasi penapisan platinum dan pengilangan skrin pendarflour

Pendedahan kepada selenium unsur dalam industri elektronik, kaca, seramik, plastik dan getah

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun rodensia, pengilangan komponen elektronik dan kanta optik

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penyaduran elektrik, pengetinan, pematerian, proses aloi tin

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai penstabil dalam plastik dan minyak, sebagai mangkin dalam pengawetan getah; sebagai bahan pengawet dalam tekstil dan kulit serta sebagai biosid pada tumbuhan marin

Pendedahan semasa perlombongan dan penggunaan uranium

P.U. (A) 32. 162

Bahan kimia-Pekerjaan yang melibatkan

Logam dan penggunaan atau pengendalian sebatiannya (pengilangan, pengangkutan,

Asid dan Alkali

(kromat atau dikromat)

4: Asid formik

Iritasi pernafasan, asma, dermatitis alergi

Iritasi pulmonari dan edema

Iritasi mata, kulit dan sistem pernafasan; luka terbakar pada mata dan kulit, pemekaan kulit

Pengulseran hidung dan kulit,

Ppenembusan septum hidung

Iritasi mata, kulit, tekak; luka terbakar pada kulit, dermatitis penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada logam dan wasap, debu atau wap toksiknya atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penghasilan ferovanadium, aloi vanadium, digunakan sebagai mangkin dan salutan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penggalvanian keluli dan logam lain, tuangan terap untuk digunakan dalam alat automotif dan kelengkapan elektrik

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada asid dan alkali, dan wap toksiknya atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penghasilan fotografik;

pengilangan glisin, drug, pewarna dan herba

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam resin, bahan pemplastik dan penghasilan drug

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penyaduran kromium, ukiran proses, pengilangan simen, penyaduran anod, pembersihan logam, pemerangan, pengilangan licau dan cat seramik

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam industri tekstil, industri kulit, penyaduran nikel dan sebagai bahan penggumpal lateks getah

163

Asid dan Alkali

’ Asid fosforik

Gas

Iritasi ringan pada kulit dan membran mukus

Luka terbakar pada kulit dan mata

Iritasi mata dan kulit

Osteosklerosis, luka terbakar pada kulit

Bronkiolitis fibrosa obliterans

Iritan dermatitis, iritasi pernafasan, edema pulmonari

Larinks dan kanser paru-paru

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada asid dan alkali, dan wap toksiknya atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pengilangan resin sintetik, pewarna, salutan permukaan, dakwat dan bahan pemplastik

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam industri kulit,. tekstil, pelekat dan plastik

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pencelupasidan keluli, penghasilan bahan kimia dan degradasi terma polivinil klorida

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai perantaraan dalam penghasilan fluorokarbon;

digunakan dalam pembersihan logam, punaran kaca dan aplikasi gilap

Pendedahan semasa penghasilan ammonium kalium nitrat, bahan letupan, asid adipik, isosianida dan baja

Pendedahan semasa penghasilan baja, detergen dan bahan pembersih

Pendedahan semasa pengilangan baja, nitrobenzena, penyaduran elektrik dan penapisan petroleum

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan °

pendedahan kepada gas yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam kerja penyejukan, pengilangan plastik, penapisan petroleum dan penyaduran elektrik bahan kemas

164

Gas

(dioksana)

Halogen

Hidrogen sianida

Hidrogen fluorida

Hidrogen sulfida

Penyesak ringkas, koma, kecederaan otak anoksik, jantung terhenti

Penyesak kecederaan otak anoksik, iskemia jantung

Kegagalan ginjal akut, nekrosis hati :

Iritasi saluran pernafasan, kanser, polineuropati, katarak

Dermatitis sentuh, bronkitis, asma, nasofarinks dan kanser paru-paru

Penyesak kimia

Kecederaan otak anoksis, kakisan kulit, atropi optik

Luka terbakar pada kulit, fluorosis, sindrom disfungsi saluran udara reaktif, bronkiolitis obliterans, ketakcukupan pernafasan kronik

Iritasi pernafasan dan membran mukus, kecederaan otak anoksis

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada gas yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa peletupan, digunakan dalam pengilangan air mineral, penapaian di kilang bir dan pembentukan kapur di tanur kapur

Pendedahan semasa penggunaan trak angkat susun bukan elektrik yang digunakan dalam bangunan, dinamit, serbuk letupan untuk peletupan di kolong bawah tanah; digunakan dalam gas pencahayaan; memadam kebakaran, kerja garaj, kuasa gas penghasil, relau letupan, ketuhar untuk pembakaran kok batu arang dan bahan api lain, enjin gas

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pencair cat, agen pembersih dan dalam industri semikonduktor

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pengilangan glikol etilena, glikol eter dan produk perubatan;

digunakan sebagai pewasap racun perosak, pensteril di hospital

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam rumah mayat, pengawetan tisu, kerja makmal

Pendedahan semasa digunakan untuk pensterilan air

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pewasapan, operasi penyaduran logam, pengekstrakan garam perak dan emas daripada bijih

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam industri plastik dan mikroelektronik

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam geoterma dan pengekstrakan tenaga bahan api fosil; digunakan sebagai bahan penyahjangkit tani oleh peladang, pekerja lubang kumbahan dan baja

165

Gas

Nitrogen dioksida

Pelarut

Penyesak ringkas, menjadikan asma semakin teruk

Menjadikan asma semakin teruk

Sindrom disfungsi saluran udara reaktif, edema pulmonari, bronkiolitis

Sistem saraf pusat, depresi, disfungsi neurotingkah laku, polineuropati, dermatitis

Neuropati akson dengan rasa kebas. Kesan sistem saraf pusat

— ataksia, tremor, disartria, kulit melepuh

Dermatitis nyahlemak, depresi sistem saraf pusat, depresi, ketakseimbangan, dermatitis, disfungsi neurotingkah laku

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada gas yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa pengimpalan;

digunakan dalam industri kertas

Pendedahan semasa pengimpalan dan proses fotokopi

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pengilangan isosianat, racun perosak, pewarna dan farmaseutikal; pengimpalan arka

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada pelarut yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa pengilangan rayon, racun serangga, racun herba, laker dan varnis serta kerja makmal

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai pelarut dalam gam, simen getah, varnis, dakwat dan proses pengekstrakan di dalam makmal

Pendedahan kepada monomer akrilamida semasa pengilangannya, dalam penghasilan polimer, dalam industri salutan permukaan;

digunakan dalam pemprosesan kimia, rawatan air dan pemisahan mineral

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai pelarut industri dan dalam sintesis nilon

166

Pelarut

Aromatik

Leukemia bukan-limfatik akut, anemia aplastik, agranulositosis, metemoglobinemia

Dermatitis, ensefalopati toksik, disfungsi neurotingkah laku, neuropati periferal

Dermatitis, ensefalopati toksik, disfungsi neurotingkah laku, neuropati periferal

Dermatitis, ensefalopati toksik, disfungsi neurotingkah.laku, .

neuropati periferal

Dermatitis, ensefalopati toksik, °

disfungsi neurotingkah laku, neuropati periferal

Neuropati optik (Metil alkohol)

dan depresi sistem saraf pusat

Toksik hati dan ginjal

Ensefalopati, anemia, dermatitis nyahlemak

“Pendedahan

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada pelarut yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan semasa menanggalkan dan menyahgris cat; digunakan sebagai pelarut

, dalam industri petroleum; ketuhar kok, dalam penghasilan agen pembersih kering

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pengilangan bahan letupan dan industri pewarna

Digunakan dalam pengilangan getah sintetik, sebagai monomer atau kopolimer untuk resin polistirena akrionitril-butadiena-stirena (ABS)

Digunakan sebagai pelarut dalam industri kimia dan makmal

Digunakan sebagai substrat bagi sintesis organik

2

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai perantaraan industri, pelarut, ramuan antisejuk beku dan bahan api

,Pendedahan semasa penghasilan klorofluorokarbon, getah terklorin, farmaseutikal, racun perosak dan agen antiketuk

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai pelarut; pengilangan antisejuk beku dan poliester

)

167

Pelarut

“15.

. Keton

(MnBK)

Keton

(MiBK)

(MEK)

Metilena klorida

Metil klorida

(klorometana)

Tetrakloretana

Triklorometana

(kloroform)

Trikloroetilena

1,1,2

Trikloroetana

Ensefalopati, polineuropati deria motor, gangguan mental dan tingkah laku, neuropati optik

Neuropati periferal

Neuropati periferi dengan n-heksana atau Metil n-butil keton

Toksin. hati, meningkatkan karboksihemoglobin

Toksik kepada otak, hati, buah pinggang dan paru-paru, sawan, ataksia dan diplopia

Narkotik kuat, sistem saraf pusat dan ketoksikan hati, perengsa kulit

Toksin hati, anestetik

Kesan narkotik, euforia, sakit kepala, kekeliruan, mengantuk, tidak sedarkan diri, pneumonitis kimia, kerosakan buah pinggang dan hati, dermatitis

Depresi sistem saraf pusat, ensefalopati toksik

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada pelarut yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai pelarut industri dan penanggal varnis

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai pelarut dalam cat dan pelarut pengekstrakan dalam industri farmaseutikal

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai pelarut; dalam pengekstrakan minyak sayur dan pemisahan dalam industri petrokimia

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penghasilan alat mainan dan produk plastik

Pendedahan semasa penghasilan polimer dan resin silikon metil, digunakan sebagai agen pemetilan dalam penghasilan getah butil

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pengilangan pesawat udara: digunakan sebagai pelarut;

penyediaan fabrik kapal terbang;

pengilangan mutiara dan kulit tiruan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam kerja makmal dan pelarut industri

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penyahgrisan, pembersihan kanta; sebagai pelarut untuk pengekstrakan dan perantaraan kimia

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai perantaraan kimia dan pelarut

168

Pelarut eter (BCME)

Racun Perosak

(Dikuat, Parakuat)

(dimetilditio karbamat)

Iritasi mata, dermatitis sentuh, bronkitis, asma, kanser nasofaringeal dan kanser paru-paru

Perengsa kulit, mata dan paru-paru, asma, dermatitis alergi

Iritasi pernafasan, kanser paru-paru (terutamanya jenis sel oat)

Dermatitis perengsa, polineuropati tertunda, bronkospasma, pankreatitis

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada pelarut yang melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penghasilan formaldehid dan resin poliasetal dan fenoliknya, plastik, gam papan lapis; pengilangan urea; sebagai perantaraan dalam sintesis kimia, sebatian acuan, resin faundri;

pengawetan dan penyahjangkitan;

perekat untuk penebatan; baja pelepasan perlahan dan kemasan tekstil berasaskan formaldehid

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai pengikat biologi dalam makmal, pemerangan dan sintesis kimia

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam penyediaan resin penukaran ion

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada racun perosak, wap, debu atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun herba oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur racun perosak dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun serangga oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur racun perosak dan penyelidik pertanian

169

Racun Perosak

(2-4 dikloro fenoksi asid asetik)

Racun kulat

Ditiokarbamat dan tiokarbamat

(etilena-bis-ditiokarbamat, dimetilditiokarbamat)

. Glifosat

Organoklorin

(Aldrin, klordana, endosulfan, endrin, lindana)

Metil bromida

(Bromometana)

Nitrofenol

Fosforus organofosfat atau sebatian tak organiknya

Piretroid sintetik

(Permetrin, deltametrin)

Pentaklorofenol

Hipotensi, kegagalan pernafasan, lemah otot dan spasma, rabdomiolisis

Perengsa dan dermatitis alergi, adenokarsinoma tiroid

Hipotensi, disaritmia, edema pulmonari, pneumonitis sedutan, iritasi membran mukus, dermatitis sentuh, ketoksikan hati

Pengujaan sistem saraf pusat, sawan, anemia aplastik

Ensefalopati, distres pernafasan, sawan, neuropati periferi, ketoksikan hati

Kerosakan buah pinggang dan hati, metemoglobinemia, perangsang saraf pusat

Dermatitis perengsa, ketoksikan berterusan sistem saraf pusat, polineuropati tertunda, bronkospasma, pankreatitis

Asma, dermatitis sentuh alergi dan perengsa, rinitis alergi, trombositopenia

Iritasi kulit dan saluran pernafasan, keruntuhan sistemik, klorakne, bronkitis, aplasi sumsum tulang, hilang penglihatan

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada racun perosak, wap, debu atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun herba oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur racun perosak dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun kulat oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur racun perosak dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun herba oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur racun perosak dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun serangga oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur racun perosak dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai agen pewasapan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun herba, racun serangga, racun kulat oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur racun perosak dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun serangga oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur racun perosak dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun serangga oleh peladang, pengilang racun perosak, penyembur dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai racun serangga dan pengawet kayu

P.U. (A) 32. 170

Racun Perosak Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada racun perosak, wap, debu atau sebatiannya yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Agen Fizikal

Iritasi pulmonari yang teruk, sawan, ketoksikan ginjal dan hati

Hilang pendengaran teraruh hingar

Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome

(HAVS)

Getaran seluruh tubuh

Disbarisme, kesakitan nyahmampat,barotrauma, osteonckrosis, embolisme gas arteri serebrum, lengkok sebagai racun rodensia oleh peladang, pengilang dan penyelidik pertanian

Pendedahan semasa digunakan sebagai gas pewasap, umpan racun rodensia

PEKERJAAN/IINDUSTRI

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan pendedahan kepada agen fizikal ini dan pendedahan kepada agen melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada bunyi bising pekerjaan pada tahap tekanan bunyi 140 dB yang sangat tinggi dalam tempoh yang pendek

Pendedahan kepada bunyi bising pekerjaan pada tahap tekanan bunyi yang tinggi melebihi 85

desibel sepanjang tempoh 8 jam selama bertahun-tahun

Pendedahan secara berpanjangan dan berlebihan kepada getaran setempat di bahagian tangan dalam julat 125-300 Hz

Pendedahan kepada gerakan yang berulang, getaran daripada alat pneumatik, gerudi kuasa, mesin rivet atau tukul pembalak, gergaji rantai, penyerpih, penggerudi batu, pemotong batu, operator dan perivet gerudi tukul

Pendedahan kepada udara termampat, udara dalam air atau nipis, gas boleh nafas lain atau campuran gas seperti dalam air atau pekerja terowong

171

Agen Fizikal

Equine

Selesema Burung

Sindrom Kurang Daya Tahan

Penyakit (AIDS)

Japanese Encephalitis

Jangkitan Hepatitis A

Jangkitan Hepatitis B kegagalan hati akut,

Hepatitis kronik, sirosis, hepatoma

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan pendedahan kepada agen fizikal ini dan pendedahan kepada agen melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada persekitaran kerja tanpa oksigen yang mencukupi, ruang tertutup, lurang, silo pemyelenggaran dan penyelidik di altitud tinggi, pemanjat gunung

Pendedahan kepada pencahayaan yang kurang baik di dalam lombong

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan pendedahan kepada agen biologi dan adanya jangkitan

Pendedahan di kalangan pekerja makmal

Pendedahan kepada burung yang dijangkiti HPAI

Pendedahan kepada darah dan produk darah yang dijangkiti

HIV di kalangan pekerja jagaan kesihatan, pekerja pelupusan dan perkhidmatan makmal

Pendedahan kepada haiwan yang dijangkiti Flavivirus

Pendedahan kepada virus

Hepatitis A di kalangan pekerja kumbahan

Pendedahan kepada darah manusia atau produk darah manusia yang dicemari virus

Hepatitis B atau suatu sumber virus Hepatitis B di kalangan pekerja jagaan kesihatan dan makmal, pekerja pelupusan sisa hospital, kakitangan ambulan, kakitangan penjara dan polis

@

173

Agen Biologi

Virus Hepatitis E

Virus Nipah

(Paramiksovirida)

Virus (Virus

Korona) Sindrom

Pernafasan Akut

Teruk (SARS)

Virus Anjing Gila

Virus Rubela

Bakteria

. Bacillus anthracis daripada produk haiwan

Jangkitan Hepatitis C

Hepatitis kronik, sirosis, hepatoma

Jangkitan Hepatitis E

Jangkitan virus Nipah

Jangkitan virus SARS

Anjing gila, gejala sistem saraf pusat, racauan, sawan, kegagalan pernafasan

Rubela

Jangkitan antraks lesi vesikular kutaneus, pendarahan pulmonari, pneumonia

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan pendedahan kepada agen biologi dan adanya jangkitan

Pendedahan kepada darah atau produk darah manusia yang dicemari virus Hepatitis C atau suatu sumber virus Hepatitis C di kalangan pekerja jagaan kesihatan dan makmal, pekerja pelupusan sisa hospital, kakitangan ambulan, kakitangan penjara dan polis

Pendedahan kepada darah atau produk darah manusia yang dicemari virus Hepatitis E atau suatu sumber virus Hepatitis E di kalangan pekerja jagaan kesihatan dan makmal, pekerja pelupusan sisa hospital, kakitangan ambulan, kakitangan penjara dan polis

Pendedahan kepada haiwan dan dagingnya yang dijangkiti virus

Nipah di kalangan penternak babi dan pekerja jagaan kesihatan

Pendedahan kepada mereka yang dijangkiti virus SARS di kalangan pekerja jagaan kesihatan

Pendedahan kepada virus Anjing

“Gila melalui gigitan haiwan rabid atau haiwan domestik yang dijangkiti virus anjing gila di kalangan pekerja ladang dan penternakan, haiwan veterinar, kakitangan makmal haiwan dan kawalan haiwan

Pendedahan kepada pesakit yang dijangkiti rubela di kalangan kakitangan jagaan kesihatan dan penjaga tadika

Pendedahan kepada haiwan yang dijangkiti Bacillus anthracis dan spora, bulu kejur, belulang, kuku, kapas, tanduk atau kulitnya atau produk haiwan yang lain atau pengendalian karkas dan sisa oleh pekerja ladang, haiwan, rumah sembelih, veterinar, makmal, doktor, jururawat, kakitangan ambulan dan juruteknik patologi

174

Agen Biologi

B.suis, B.

mellitensis daripada ternakan interrogans daripada haiwan

(tikus terutamanya), air kencing haiwan atau tanah yang.

tercemar

Penyakit Lyme

Bruselosis

Tetanus Sawan

Erisipeloid

Erisipeloid Kutaneus

Sepsis dengan endokarditis

Tularemia

Leptospirosis/penyakit Weil

(demam paya, penyakit babi)

Kegagalan hati dan ginjal, pneumonia

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan pendedahan kepada agen biologi dan adanya jangkitan

Pendedahan kepada gigitan sengkenit yang dijangkiti Borrelia burgdorferi dalam kerja yang melibatkan kerja luar meliputi perladangan dan perhutanan

Pendedahan kepada haiwan yang dijangkiti Brucella atau produknya dalam kerja perladangan, perhutanan dan penternakan haiwan, pengendalian karkas atau sebahagian daripadanya atau produknya yang tidak dirawat, rumah sembelih, veterinar, kerja makmal; pengendalian spesimen makmal atau vaksin yang mengandungi Brucella

Pendedahan kepada tanah yang tercemar semasa perladangan, tugas ketenteraan dan kerja kumbahan

Pendedahan kepada agen melalui kerja perladangan dan penternakan haiwan, kerja veterinar, kerja penyembelihan, kerja pemprosesan daging, kerja lain yang boleh terkena babi, lembu, atau ikan termasuk pengendalian karkasnya

Pendedahan kepada Francisella tularensis dalam perladangan, kerja penternakan haiwan, perhutanan, kerja makmal yang melibatkan pengendalian arnab, kuda betina, tupai darat, mencit atau rodensia kecil berbulu yang lain yang dijangkiti

Pendedahan kepada agen melalui perladangan dan kerja penternakan haiwan, kerja veterinar, kerja penyembelihan, kerja tenusu, kerja pemprosesan daging, kerja yang boleh terkena tanah yang tercemar, nelayan air tawar dan pengendali ikan, kerja kumbahan dan pemungut sampah yang terdedah kepada tikus yang dijangkiti

175

Agen Biologi

Mycobacterium leprae daripada manusia yang dijangkiti

Tuberkulosis bovin

Tuberkulosis/Kusta

Granuloma tangki ikan

Glanders pneumonia, septisemia, abses setempat

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan pendedahan kepada agen biologi dan adanya jangkitan

Pendedahan kepada

Mycobacterium bovis yang dipindahkan melalui haiwan yang dijangkiti atau produknya, kerja penyembelihan dan penternakan haiwan

Pendedahan jika terkena terus dengan sumber atau sumber-sumber agen disebabkan oleh pekerjaan:

kusta; atau

. Paru-paru pekerja kayu

Faenia rectivirgula

Thermoactinomyces vulgaris

Micropolyspora faeni

Thermoactinomyces sachari

Thermoactinomyces vulgaris

Debu tali

Debu biji kopi

Thermoactinomyces vulgaris

Thermoactinomyces candidus

Sitophilus granarius

(kumbang belalai gandum)

Debu' detergen

Debu kulit bercendawan kayu yang

Tepung gandum yang dicemari

Serpihan kayu bercendawan agen

Pendedahan pekerja semasa penghasilan cendawan

Pendedahan kepada agen dalam ladang tebu

Pendedahan kepada agen di kalangan pembuat beg dan tali

Pendedahan kepada agen di kalangan pekerja kopi

Peladang Pendedahan kepada agen apabila mengendalikan baja

Pendedahan kepada agen melalui bijirin yang dicemari debu

Pendedahan kepada manik dan debu detergen

Pendedahan kepada agen di kalangan pengulit kayu gergaji dan pembalak

Pendedahan kepada agen di kalangan pekerja tepung

Pendedahan kepada agen di kalangan pekerja kilang kertas

186

C. Protein Haiwan

D. Bahan kimia

Burung bayan

Burung merpati

Ayam

Ayam belanda

Tikus

Toluena diisosianat (TDI), heksametilena diisosianat, difenilmetana diisosianat

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada agen yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada Legionella pneumophila akibat sistem pengalihudaraan yang tercemar dalam persekitaran kerja

Pendedahan kepada agen

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada agen yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa pengendaliannya

P.U. (A) 32. 188

Penyakit kulit Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada agen yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Lakton seskuiterpena

(Compositae), Primin

(Primula obconica),

Tulpalin A (Tulipa,

Alstroemeria)

sarung tangan, but dan topeng (bahan kimia getah)

Perengsa pengendaliannya

(kerosen, gasolin), nafta, minyak, pembersih tangan

189

Penyakit kulit

Asid kromik, kromat atau dikromat ammonium, kalium, zink atau natrium, atau sebarang sediaan atau larutan yang mengandungi sebarang bahan ini

Pengulseran krom, pengulseran membran mukus atau epidermis

Urtikaria sentuh (a) Alergen-lateks, tepung jagung, bulu binatang dan dander, antibiotik, akrilat, resin epoksi, formaldehid, bahan makanan misalnya telur, lobak merah, ikan, daging dan susu

Agen bukan imunologi—

etil/butil/isopropil/asetil, alkohol, asid sorbik, asid sorbik, asid benzoik, sulfur dioksida

ERGONOMI

Kerja yang melibatkan penarikan bahu ke belakang dan ke bawah, bekerja pada aras yang lebih tinggi daripada kepala dengan abduksi dan aduksi berulang pada bahu dan lengan yang mengakibatkan mampatan struktur neurovaskular yang merentas keluar dada, leher dan melalui bahagian bawah klavikel hingga ke aksila

Pemutar pergerakan yang sangat pantas, berulang dan kuat, memberikan tekanan yang berlebihan pada otot dan tendon dengan daya yang berlebihan di sekeliling bahu

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, penyimpanan, pelupusan), dan pendedahan kepada agen yang melebihi Had

Pendedahan yang Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada agen

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan pendedahan kepada berbilang faktor risiko ergonomik —

tenaga, sangat berulang, kerja tidak neutral, tempoh yang berpanjangan, beban berat dan melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pekerja dengan kegiatan yang dicirikan oleh berbilang faktor risiko ergonomik

Pekerja dengan kegiatan yang dicirikan oleh berbilang faktor risiko ergonomik

P.U. (A) 32: 192

PENYAKIT AGEN/FAKTOR RISIKO PEKERJAAN/INDUSTRI

ERGONOMI Pekéed ieee i . ekerjaan yang melibatkan aoe. orer pendedahan kepada berbilang

Pekerjaan faktor risiko ergonomik-tenaga, sangat berulang, kerja tidak neutral, tempoh yang berpanjangan, beban berat dan melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

(Golfer’s elbow) pronator jari dan pergelangan kuat dan sentiasa berulang tangan

() Epikondilitis Dorsifleksi pergelangan Pekerja dengan regangan lateral tangan yang kuat dan sentiasa pergelangan tangan dan

(Tennis elbow) berulang genggaman yang kuat dan berulang .

(De Qu ervains tenaga yang kuat dan postur berulang menggunakan ibu jari tenosynovitis) pergelangan tangan yang ekstrem, semasa menjalankan tugasnya, terutamanya jika digabungkan penggunaan tenaga yang kuat dengan kecederaan pada anggota dan postur pergelangan tangan badan dan apendaj. yang ekstrem, terutamanya jika digabungkan dengan kecederaan pada anggota badan dan-apendaj ;

(hk) Sindrom Pergerakan yang sentiasa Pekerja dengan pergerakan

Terowong berulang, penggunaantenagayang yang kuat, kerap dan berulang

Karpal (saraf kuat, postur pergelangan tangan menggunakan alat bergetar median) yang ekstrem dan pergerakan pegang tangan yang bahagian hiperfleksi dan hiperekstensi yang ekstrem menyebabkan tekanan berpanjangan pada alur anatomi mengakibatkan kecederaan saraf. Pergerakan yang kuat dan kerap berulang dengan alat bergetar, kerja yang melibatkan tekanan dan postur pergelangan tangan yang ekstrem, terutamanya gabungan semua faktor risiko ini dalam alat itu bergetar untuk memindahkan getaran ke tangan;

kerja yang melibatkan postur pergelangan tangan atau tangan yang ekstrem

193 P.U. (A) 32.

PENYAKIT AGEN/FAKTOR RISIKO PEKERJAAN/INDUSTRI

ERGONOMI

Penyakit otot-Pekerjaan yang melibatkan

Skeletal pendedahan kepada berbilang

Pekerjaan faktor risiko ergonomik-

Bursitis atau selulitis subkutaneus yang terjadi pada atau di bahagian atas lutut

(Housemaid’s knee)

Tarsus (saraf tibial berpanjangan dan berulang posterior)

Penyakit

Psikososial

Kanser lapisan epitelium saluran dan pundi kencing (papiloma), gangguan neurologi hati tenaga, sangat berulang, kerja tidak neutral, tempoh yang berpanjangan, beban berat dan melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pekerja dengan tugas manual yang pantas, berulang dan berlebihan yang menyebabkan geseran atau tekanan yang teruk atau berpanjangan terhadap bursa pada atau di sekitar lutut. Tugas yang memerlukan pekerja kerap duduk melutut.

Pekerja dengan pergerakan kaki yang pantas, berulang dan berlebihan

Pendedahan kepada tekanan yang terlalu ekstrem yang disebabkan oleh kemalangan atau kejadian yang berlaku semasa bekerja atau tidak bekerja

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada agen melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa menggunakan atau mengendalikan atau Pendedahan kepada wasap, debu atau wap 4-aminobifenil atau bahan yang mengandungi 4-aminobifenil; digunakan dalam industri sintesis bahan kimia dan pengilangan getah

194

(terbitan nitro dan amino) (1 LARC)

(1 LARC)

Kanser paru-paru dan prostat, limfoma, polineuropati

Neoplasma kulit malignan

(karsinoma sel skuamus), larinks, bronkus dan paru-paru, hemangiosarkoma

Paru-paru-mesotelioma malignan terbaur (pleura, perikardium, peritoneum), pleura, kanser saluran gastrousus—esofagus, peritoneum, ,usus-besar

Neoplasma bronkus malignan, larinks, paru-paru, ginjal

Leukemia, limfoma hodgkin, malignansi darah yang lain

Kemaglinanan pundi

Kemaglinanan paru-paru, kulit dan pundi

Neoplasma bronkus dan paru-paru malignan

Kanser pundi kencing, metemoglobinemia, ataksia

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada agen melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada akrilonitril;

digunakan dalam pengilangan serat tekstil, pempolimeran akrilonitril dan .getah, plastik, industri tekstil

Pendedahan semasa perlombongan, peleburan kuprum, pengilangan kaca, pengeluaran; penggunaan racun perosak arsenik, racun herba, racun serangga, pemerangan dan pembuatan kaca

Pendedahan kepada asbestos, debu atau sebarang campuran asbestos pada satu paras yang melebihi paras yang lazimnya didapati di persekitaran terutamanya di lombong atau kuari; semasa pengilangan produk berasaskan asbestos, kerja perobohan atau pembuangan asbestos

Pendedahan kepada benzena atau homolog toksiknya semasa menggunakan ketuhar kok, pengilangan kasut menggunakan benzena, pelarut dengan benzena, bahan api dan industri petroleum

. Pendedahan kepada benzidin semasa pengilangan pewarna atau pigmen, agen makmal;

digunakan dalam industri kertas, kulit, tekstil dan pewarna

Pendedahan kepada benz-o-pirena semasa méngguna atau mengendalikannya; digunakan dalam penyelidikan

Pendedahan semasa pengeluaran aloi keras tahan kakisan dalam industri aeroangkasa, reaktor nuklear; produk seramik dan refraktori, penghubung elektrik, suis, elektrod kimpalan, tiub sinaran katod, aloi logam dan litografi dalam industri elektronik

Pendedahan semasa digunakan untuk pengilangan pewarna atau pigmen

195

(BCME),

Klorometilmetil eter heksavalen (1 IARC)

(1,2 dibromoetana)

Kemaglinanan bronkus dan paru-paru

Neoplasma bronkus dan paru-paru malignan

Neoplasma bronkus dan paru-paru malignan, kanser hidung

Kanser kulit, bronkus dan paru-paru, pundi, larinks, kaviti mulut

Leukemia, katarak

Kanser perut

Kanser nasofarinks, sino-hidung, otak dan leukemia

Kanser paru-paru

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada agen melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada

Bis-klorometil eter yang terhasil semasa pengilangan klorometil metil eter; digunakan dalam industri kimia sebagai perantaraan kimia

Pendedahan semasa penyaduran elektrik; pengilangan bateri nikel-kadmium; galas kelajuan tinggi, pematerian, pengimpalan dan pematerian keras perak

(sebagai pengisi); digunakan dalam industri plastik (penstabil);

digunakan sebagai pigmen (dalam getah, dakwat, plastik, cat, tekstil)

dan pengilangan barang kemas

Pendedahan semasa penyaduran elektrik, pengilangan pewarna atau pigmen dan pengimpalan

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa penggunaan bahan binaan, elektrod, pengegasan batu arang dan pengeluaran kok-pengeluaran petroleum, pengilangan pigmen, pembinaan jalan dan penebatan

Pendedahan semasa digunakan dalam pengilangan etilena glikol, glikol eter dan produk perubatan;

digunakan sebagai pewasap racun perosak, pensteril di hospital

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa penggunaan, pengendalian atau pendedahan kepada wasap, debu atau wap etilena dibromida atau bahan yang mengandungi dibromida

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa digunakan sebagai pengawet tisu di rumah mayat dan makmal

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa penggunaan, pengendalian dan

Pendedahan kepada wasap, debu atau wap hematit semasa melombong (dengan pendedahan kepada radon)

P.U.

196

(i TARC)

(i IARC)

Neoplasm malignan — tulang dan kulit, leukemia

Kanser kulit dan skrotum

Kanser paru-paru, larinks, farinks

Kemalignanan bronkus dan paru-paru, membran mukus hidung atau sinus udara yang berkaitan

Tulang (sarkoma)

Neoplasm bronkus dan paru-paru malignan

Kanser kulit dan skrotum

Kanser kulit, paru-paru dan pundi, distrofi permukaan kornea

Angiosarkoma hati, neoplasm hati malignan dan duktus hempedu intrahepar, otak dan paru-paru

Kanser nasofarinks, hidung dan paru-paru

Pekerjaan yang melibatkan penggunaan atau pengendalian

(pengilangan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, pelupusan) dan pendedahan kepada agen melebihi Had Pendedahan yang

Dibenarkan

Pendedahan kepada sinar X, reaktor nuklear, zarah pengionan, radium, bahan radioaktif lain atau tenaga sinaran

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa digunakan sebagai pelincir

Pendedahan kepada gas mustard—

gas perang

Pendedahan semasa memekat, melebur atau menapis dalam industri pengeluaran nikel, pengeluaran keluli tahan karat, pengilangan bateri, metalurgi, aloi, penyaduran elektrik;

digunakan sebagai pemangkin dan pigmen; pelombong bijih nikel sulfida dan pekerja kilang aloi nikel

Penggunaan, pengendalian atau pendedahan kepada wasap, debu atau wap radium

Pendedahan kepada agen dalam

. perlombongan bawah tanah, pemprosesan bijih dan produk radioaktif

Penggunaan, pengendalian atau pendedahan kepada minyak syal

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa membuat jalan

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa pengilangan vinil klorida, pempolimeran vinil klorida dan industri plastik

Pendedahan kepada agen semasa kerja kayu, pembuat perabot dan kabinet

197 P.U. (A) 32.

Pendedahan Bahan Kimia Berbahaya Kepada Kesihatan) 2000

[P.U. (A) 131 2000];

Pekerjaan 1994, peraturan-peraturan yang dibuat di bawah Akta ini, garis panduan dan kod amalan yang berkaitan dengan pendedahan kepada agen di tempat kerja;

Pertubuhan; dan

Standard Pendedahan Bahan Kimia Berbahaya Kepada Kesihatan)

([KSM/PUU/01/05/03 Jld. 2; PN(PU?)58.XV]

Datuk Ser1 Dr. FoNG CHAN ONN

‘ Menteri Sumber Manusia

U. (A) 32.

198

EMPLOYEES’ SOCIAL SECURITY ACT 1969

EmpLoyYess’” SociAL SECURITY (AMENDMENT OF FIFTH SCHEDULE) ORDER 2008

The Employees’ Social Security Act 1969 [Act 4] is amended by substituting for the Fifth Schedule the following Schedule:

Chemicals-Metals and its compounds

Dermatitis, pneumoconiosis, haemolysis, anuria, nasal septum perforation, myocardial injury, lung cancer (Antimony trioxide)

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacture, transport, storage, disposal) and exposure to the metal and its toxic fumes, dust or vapour or its compound exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure during welding of aluminium metal; use as phosphor binders, manufacture of cans, containers and wrappings, pigments, paints, catalysts, alloys, engine and aircraft components, electric wires and cables, window frames, antiperspirants and in aluminium reduction plants

Exposure during use as a flame retardant for plastics, paint, textiles, paper, rubber and adhesives, alloys in production of battery grids, type casting, cable sheath and manufacture of semiconductor devices

199

. AGENT.

Chemicals-Metals and its compounds

Encephalopathy, peripheral neuritis, polyneuropathy, acquired haemolytic anaemia, glomerular and tubular damage, nasal septum perforation, skin hyperkeratosis, lung fibrosis, dystrophy of corneral surface, hepatic angiosarcoma cancer of skin and lung

Benign pneumoconiosis

(baritosis), local irritation

Chronic beryllium disease, tracheobronchitis, pneumonitis dermatitis (ulceration or granuloma), berylliosis, lung cancer

Respiratory and skin irritation,

Central nervous system depression, mental behavior disorders, renal damage

Osteomalacia, pneumonitis, emphysema, tubular and glomerular damage with renal failure, anosmia, lung cancer

Nasal and skin ulcer, nasal septum perforation, tubular necrosis, allergic and irritant dermatitis, asthma

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacture, transport, storage, disposal) and exposure to the metal and its toxic fumes, dust or vapour or its compound exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure during mining, alloy production, copper smelting, production and use of arsenic pesticide, herbicides, insecticides;

use in the microelectronic industry; and used as pigment and refining agents in glass manufacture, preservative in tanning wood and cable sheaths

Exposure during the manufacture of aluminium alloys, ceramics (as flux), welding rod fluxes, flares and fireworks, lubricating oil detergents, rubber, paint, paper, linoleum and plastics (as filler)

hair removers, pesticide; during barite ore refining

Exposure during production of hard, corrosion-resistant alloys in aerospace industry, nuclear reactors; ceramic and refractory products, electrical contacts, switches, welding electrodes, cathode ray tubes, metallic alloys and lithography for the electronics industry

Exposure during degassing and deoxidising of metals; steel hardening process; metallurgic processes (as fluxes and shielding slag); use in atomic reactors as neutron absorber; glass fibers production and in bleaching products

Exposure during electroplating;

manufacture of nickel-cadmium batteries, high speed bearings, soldering, welding and silver brazing (as fillers); use in plastics industry (stabiliser); use as pigments (in rubber, ink, plastics, paint, textiles) and jewellery manufacture

Exposure during electroplating, dye or pigment manufacture and welding

200

Chemicals-Metals and its compounds

Copper

Lead

Allergic contact dermatitis, asthma, interstitial pneumonitis, nasal and lung cancer (Nickel bisulphide)

Interstitial pneumonitis, pulmonary and cerebral oedema, cerebral haemorrage

Necrosis of jaw, dermal burns, respiratory irritation, hepatic and renal toxicity

Asthma, allergic contact dermatitis, allergic rhinitis

Pulmonary oedema, skin irritant allergic dermatitis and skin burns

Sensori-motor polyneuropathy

Respiratory irritation, benign pneu-moconiosis (stannosis)

seizures, skin irritation and fits

Irritation of eyes, mild to severe skin and mucous membrane irritation, cerebral oedema, hepatic necrosis and fits

Kidney disease, lung cancer, radiation sickness

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacture, transport, storage, disposal) and exposure to the metal and its toxic fumes, dust or vapour or its compound exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure during concentrating, smelting or refining in the nickel producing industry, stainless steel production, manufacture of batteries, metallurgy, alloys, electroplating; use as catalysts and pigments; sulphide nickel ore miners and high nickel alloy manufacture workers

Exposure to nickel carbonyl gas during refining of nickel

Exposure during use as fertilizer;

use in beverage and dentifrices production (phosphoric acid salts); pesticides/ rodenticide, flame retardants, gasoline and lube oils production (inorganic phosphorus compounds);

explosives, ammunitions and match production (red phosphorus)

Exposure during use in electroplating, platinum refinery operations and manufacture of fluorescent screen

Exposure to elemental selenium in electronics, glass, ceramic, plastic and rubber industries

Exposure during use as rodenticide, manufacture of electronic components and optical lens

Exposure during use in electroplating, canning, soldering, tin alloy processes

Exposure during use as stabiliser in plastics and oil, as catalysts in curing rubber; as preservatives in textile and leather and as biocides in marine plants

Exposure during mining and use of uranium

202

Chemicals-Metals and its compounds

Acid and Alkali

(chromates or dichromates)

Respiratory irritation, asthma, allergic dermatitis

Pulmonary irritation and oedema

Respiratory irritation, bronchitis, pharyngitis

Irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory system; eye and skin burns; skin sensitisation

Nasal and skin ulceration, perforation of the nasal septum

Irritation of the eyes, skin, throat; skin burns, dermatitis

Mild skin and mucous membrane irritation

Skin and eye burns

Irritation eyes and skin

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacture, transport, storage, disposal) and exposure to the metal and its toxic fumes, dust or vapour or its compound exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure during use in production of ferrovanadium, vanadium alloys, use as catalyst and coating

Exposure during use in galvanising steel and other metals, die cast for use in automotive parts and electrical equipment

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, transport, storage, disposal), and exposure to, the acid and alkali and its toxic vapour, or its compound exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure during use in photographic development;

manufacture of glycine, drugs, dyes and herbicides

Exposure during use in resin, plasticiser and drug production

Exposure during use in chromium plating, process engraving, cement manufacture, anodizing, metal cleaning, tanning, manufacture of ceramic glazes and paints

Exposure during use in textile industry, leather industry, nickel plating and as a coagulant for rubber latex

Exposure during use in manufacture of synthetic resins, dyes, surface coatings, inks and plasticisers

Exposure during use in leather, textile, adhesive and plastic industries

Exposure during use in steel pickling, chemical manufacturing and thermal degradation of polyvinyl chloride

203 P.U. (A) 32.

AGENT DISEASES OCCUPATION/INDUSTRY

Acid and Alkali Occupations involving the use

Gases

(dioxane)

Osteosclerosis, skin burns

Bronchiolitis fibrosa obliterans

Irritant dermatitis, respiratory irritation, pulmonary oedema

Laryngeal and lung cancer

Simple asphyxiant, coma, anoxic brain injury, cardiac arrest

Asphyxiant, anoxic brain injury, cardiac ischemia

Acute renal failure, liver necrosis or handling of (manufacturing, transport, storage, disposal), and exposure to, the acid and alkali and its toxic vapour, or its compound exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure during use as an intermediate in the production of fluorocarbons; use in metal cleaning, glass etching and polishing applications

Exposure during production of ammonium potassium nitrate, explosives, adipic acid, isocyanides and fertilizers

Exposure during production of fertilizers, detergents and cleansers

Exposure during manufacture of fertilizers, nitrobenzene;

electroplating and petroleum refining

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, transport, storage, disposal), and exposure to gases exceeding

Permissible Exposure Limits

Exposure during use in refrigeration work, plastic manufacture, petroleum refining and jewellery electroplating

Exposure during blasting, use in manufacture of mineral water, fermentation in breweries and the formation of lime in lime kilns

Exposure during use of non-electric fork lift used indoors, dynamite, gunpowder for blasting in subterranean galleries; use in illuminating gas, fire fighting, garage works, power of producer gas, blast furnaces, stoves for the burning of charcoal coke and other fuel, gas engines

Exposure during use in paint diluents, cleaning agents and in the semiconductor industry

204

Gases

Nitrogen dioxide

Solvents

Respiratory tract irritation, cancer, polyneuropathy, cataract

Contact dermatitis, bronchitis, asthma, nasopharynx and lung cancer

Chemical asphyxiants

Anoxic brain injury, skin corrosion, optic atropy

Skin burns, fluorosis, reactive air ways dysfunction syndrome, bronchiolitis obliterans, chronic respiratory insufficiency

Respiratory and mucous membrane irritation, anoxic brain injury

Simple asphyxiant, aggravates asthma

Aggravates asthma

Reactive airway dysfunction syndrome, pulmonary oedema, bronchiolitis

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, transport, storage, disposal), and exposure to gases exceeding

Permissible Exposure Limits

Exposure during use in manufacture of ethylene glycol, glycol ethers and medical products; use as a pesticide fumigant, sterilant in hospitals

Exposure during use in mortuary, tissue preservative, laboratory workers

Exposure during use for water sterilisation

Exposure during use in fogging, metal plating operations, extraction of silver and gold salts from ores

Exposure during use in plastic industry and microelectronics

Exposure during use in geothermal and fossil fuel energy extraction;

use as agricultural disinfectant by farmers, sewage and manure pit workers

Exposure during welding; used in paper industry

Exposure during welding and photocopying process

Exposure during use in manufacture of isocyanate, pesticide, dyes, and pharmaceuticals; exposure during arc welding

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, transport, storage, disposal), and exposure to solvents exceeding

Permissible Exposure Limits

Exposure during manufacture of rayon, insecticides, herbicides, lacquer and varnish and in laboratory work

205

Solvents

Central nervous system, depression, neurobehavioural dysfunction, polyneuropathy, dermatitis

Axonal neuropathy with numbness. Central nervous system effects-ataxia, tremor, dysarthria, blistering of skin

Defatting dermatitis, central nervous system depression)

depression, disequilibrium, dermatitis, neurobehavioural dysfunction

Acute non-lymphatic leukaemia, aplastic anaemia, agranulocytosis, methaemoglobinaemia

Dermatitis, toxic encephalopathy, neurobehavioral dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy

Dermatitis, toxic encephalopathy, neurobehavioral dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy

Dermatitis, toxic encephalopathy, neurobehavioral dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy

Dermatitis, toxic encephalopathy, neurobehavioral dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy

Optic neuropathy (Methyl alcohol) and central nervous system depression

Liver and kidney toxic

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, transport, storage, disposal), and exposure to solvents exceeding

Permissible Exposure Limits

Exposure during use as solvent in glues, rubber cements, varnishes, inks, and extraction process in laboratories

Exposure to acrylamide monomer during its manufacture, in the polymer production, in surface coating industries; use in chemical processing, water treatment and mineral separation

Exposure during use as industrial solvent and in the synthesis of nylon

Exposure during paint removal and degreasing; use as a solvent in petroleum industry; coke ovens; in the production of dry cleaning agents

Exposure during use in manufacture of explosives and dye industries

Use in the manufacture of synthetic rubber, as monomer or copolymer for polystyrene acryonitrile-butadiene-sytrene

(ABS) resins

Use as solvent in chemical industry and laboratories

Use as substrate for organic synthesis

Exposure during use as industrial intermediate, solvent, ingredient of antifreeze and fuel

Exposure during production of chloroflurorocarbon, chlorinated rubber, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and antiknock agents

206

S:

Ketones

ether (BCME)

Pesticides

(Diquat,

Paraquat)

(dimethyldithio carbamate)

(2-4 Dichloro phenoxy acetic acid)

Eye irritation, contact dermatitis, bronchitis, asthma, nasopharyngeal cancer and lung cancer

Skin eye and lung irritant, occupational asthma, allergic dermatitis

Respiratory irritation, lung cancer (mainly oat cell type)

Irritant dermatitis, delayed polyneuropathy, bronchospasm, pancreatitis

Hypotension, respiratory failure, muscle weakness and spasm, rhabdomyolysis

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, transport, storage, disposal), and exposure to solvents exceeding

Permissible Exposure Limits

Exposure during use in production of formaldehyde and its polyacetal and phenolic resin, plastics, plywood glue; manufacture of urea; as intermediate in chemical synthesis, moulding compounds, foundry resins; preservation and disinfection; adhesives for insulation; slow release fertilizers and formaldehyde based textile finishes

Exposure during use as biological fixative in laboratories, tanning and chemical synthesis

Exposure during use in preparation of ion exchange resins

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, transport, storage, disposal), and exposure to pesticides, vapour, dust or its compound exceeding the Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure during use as herbicides by farmers, pesticide manufactures, pesticide sprayers and agricultural researchers

Exposure during use as insecticides by farmers, pesticide manufactures, pesticide sprayers and agricultural researchers

Exposure during use as herbicide by farmers, pesticide manufactures, pesticide sprayers and agricultural researchers

208

Pesticides

Dithiocarbamates and thiocarbamates

(ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate,

Dimethyldithiocarba-mate)

(Aldrin, chlordane, endosulfan, endrin, lindane)

(Bromomethane)

(Permethrin, deltamethrin)

209 P.U. (A) 32.

Noise

Radiation

Biological agent

A. Viral

Acute effect: radiation cataract keratoconjunctivitis, photoretinitis, skin erythema

Chronic effect: Actinic cataract, skin cancer

Acute effect: Blepharitis, keratitis, heat-related retinal disorder-scotoma pigmentary lesions of fundus

Chronic effect: Glass Workers’

Cataract

Heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, heat stroke and cataract

Chilblain, frostbite, immersion foot, systemic hypothermia

Hypoxia, asphyxiation

Miner’s nystagmus and other irregular eye movements

Occupations involving the exposure to these physical agents and exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Frequent or prolonged exposure to ultraviolet, the glare or rays from molten glass, molten or red-hot metal, white-hot material during electro-welding or acetylene welding

Acute or prolonged exposure to infra red radiation among blacksmiths, glass blowers, furnace men, baker, foundry workers, industrial lasers

Exposure to extreme heat, strenuous exercise and impaired heat dissipation, high humidity during outdoor work, high temperature processes, welders, ceramic workers and bakery workers

Exposure to extreme cold where the core body temperature falls below 36° Celsius in cold room or frozen food industry

Exposure to working environment with insufficient oxygen, confined spaces, manholes, maintenance silos and in high altitudes researchers, mountain climbers

Exposure .to poor lighting in mines

Occupations involving exposure to biological agent and where there is an infection

Exposure among laboratory workers

211

Biological agent

Avian Influenza Virus

(HPAI)

Human Immunodeficiency

Virus

Flavivirus

Hepatitis A virus

Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis C virus

Hepatitis E virus

Nipah virus

(Paramyxoviridae)

Severe Acute

Respiratory

Syndrome

(SARS) virus

(Corona virus)

Avian Influenza

Acquired Immunodeficiency

Syndrome (AIDS)

Japanese Encephalitis

Hepatitis A infection

Hepatitis B infection acute liver failure, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatoma

Hepatitis C infection chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatoma

Hepatitis E infection

Nipah virus infection

SARS virus infection

Occupations involving exposure to biological agent and where there is an infection

Exposure to birds infected with

HPAI

Exposure to blood and blood products infected with HIV among health care workers, laboratory disposal and service workers

Exposure to animals infected with Flavivirus

Exposure to Hepatitis A virus among sewage workers

Exposure to human blood or human blood products contaminated with

Hepatitis B virus or a source of

Hepatitis B virus among health care and laboratory workers, hospital waste disposal workers, ambulance personnel, prison and police staff

Exposure to human blood or human blood products contaminated with

Hepatitis C virus, or a source of

Hepatitis C virus among health care and laboratory workers, hospital waste disposal workers, ambulance personnel, prison and police staff

Exposure to human blood or human blood products contaminated with

Hepatitis E virus, or a source of

Hepatitis E virus among health care and laboratory workers, hospital waste disposal workers, ambulance personnel, prison and police staff

Exposure to animals infected with Nipah virus and its meat among pig farmers and health care workers

Exposure to people infected with SARS virus among health care workers

212

Biological agent

B. Bacteria

B.suis, B.

mellitensis from livestock

’ rhusiopathiae from infected animals

Rabies, central nervous system manifestations, delirium, fits, respiratory failure

Rubella

Anthrax infection cutaneous vesicular lesion, pulmonaryhemorrhage,

Pneumonia

Lyme disease

Brucellosis

Tetanus

Fits

Erysipeloid

Cutaneous Erysipeloid

Sepsis with endocarditis

Occupations involving exposure to biological agent and where there is an infection

Exposure to Rabies virus through bites of rabid animals or domestic animals infected with rabies virus among farming and animal husbandry work, veterinary, animals laboratory and animal control personnel

Exposure to patients with rubella infection among health care staff and kindergarten caretakers

Exposure to animals infected with Bacillus anthracis and its spores, bristle, hides, hoofs, wool, horn or skins or other animal products or handling of carcasses and residues among farming, animal, abattoir, veterinary, laboratory work, doctors, nurses, ambulance crews and pathology technicians

Exposure to bite from a tick infected with Borrelia burgdorferi among work involving out door work involving farming and forestry

Exposure to animals infected with

Brucella or their products among farming, forestry and animal husbandry work, carcasses or parts thereof or their untreated products, abattoir, veterinary, laboratory work; handling laboratory specimens or vaccines containing Brucella

Exposure to contaminated soil during farming, military work and sewage work

Exposure to the agent through farming and animal husbandry work, veterinary work, abattoir work, meat processing work other work, involving contact with pig, cattle, poultry or fish including the handling of its carcasses

213 P.U. (A) 32.

AGENT DISEASE OCCUPATIONIINDUSTRY

Biological agent Occupations involving exposure to biological agent and where there is an infection

Francisella tularensis Tularemia Exposure to Francisella tularensis from a variety of animals, particularly hares, rabbits, squirrels, rats, mice and other rodents

interrogans from animals

(especially rat) animal urine or contaminated soil

Mycobacterium leprae from infected human

Leptospirosis/Weil disease

(swamp fever, swine disease)

Liver and kidney failure, pneumonia

Bovine tuberculosis

Tuberculosis/Leprosy during farming, animal husbandry work, forestry, laboratory work involving handling of infected rabbits, hares, ground squirrels, mice or other small furry rodents

Exposure to the agent through farming and animal husbandry work, veterinary work, abattoir work, dairy work, meat processing work, work with contact with contaminated soil, fresh water fisherman and fish handler, sewage work and garbage collector involving exposure to infected rats

Exposure to Mycobacterium bovis transmitted through contact with infected animals or their products, abattoir work and animal husbandry

Exposure through close contact with a source or sources of the agent by reason of employment:

IL.

Pseudomonas mallei

Pseudomonas pseudomallei

Rickettsiae and

Chlamydiae

Chlamydia psittaci from birds

Chlamydia pneumoniae from humans

Coxiella burnetii from domestic animals (cattle, sheep, goats) or more raelythrough tick bites

Rickettsia rickettsii and other Rickettsia species

. Rickettsia prowazeki

Yersinia pestis

Fish tank granuloma

Glanders pneumonia, septicaemia, local abscesses

Melioidosis

Avian chlamydiosis psittacosis

(ornithosis)

encephalitis, myocarditis, thrombophlebitis

Ovine chlamydiosis

Chlamydial pneumonia

Q fever pneumonitis, myocarditis,

Spotted fever

(tickborne typhus fever/

tickborne rickettsioses)

Typhus

Eschar

Plague

Septicaemia, endotoxic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulapathy-

(DIVC)

Occupations involving exposure to biological agent and where there is an infection

Exposure to the agent among fish tank cleanser

Exposure through contact rabid dogs, or equine animals or carcasses among farm and slaughterhouse workers

Exposure to rodents infected with

Pseudomonas pseudomallei

Exposure to birds, poultry or their excreta infected with

Chlamydia psittaci or the remains or untreated products of such birds such as duck farm workers, feather processing workers, abattoir workers, poultry meat inspectors and pet shop workers

Exposure through contact with sheep infected with Chlamydia psittaci or the remains or untreated products of such sheep among sheep farm workers, veterinary surgeons

Exposure to humans infected with

Chlamydia pneumoniae among healthcare workers

Exposure through contact with infected animals, sheep, their remains or their untreated products among cattle farm workers involved the rearing of sheep, abattoir work, veterinary work, laboratory work

Exposure to Rickettsia rickettsii and other Rickettsia species among laboratory work and outdoor work

Exposure to any Rickettsia prowazekii among army personnel and farmers

Exposure to the agent through infected rats in animal husbandry, farming

215 P.U. (A) 32.

AGENT DISEASE OCCUPATION/INDUSTRY

Biological agent Occupations involving exposure to biological agent and where there is an infection

Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosis Exposure to agents during from cat (or birds, sheep, goats, swine, cattle, etc)

Ancyostoma braziliense

E. Fungi

Asthma cerebral abscess, pneumonia, myocarditis

Cutaneous larva migrans mobile, serpiginous plaque especially of feet

Deep mycoses skin nodules

Chlorine, ammonia, sulphur dioxide, and acid aerosols

Coal, oil mist, synthetic vitreous fibers, Portland cement, welding fumes, cotton, grain, wood, tobacco smoke, fire smoke, engine exhaust

B. subtilis proteases, cadmium fumes

217 P.U. (A) 32.

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, storage, disposal) and exposure to the'agents exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

(hk) Animal including insects and other athropods epithelia and excretions-animal dusts such as bone or hair

Coal miners’ Coal Coal or any mine (underground pneumoconiosis and or above ground) in which one other coal related lung of the objects of the mining disease operations is the getting of any mineral, or the working or handling of any minerals extracted there from

(of lung) (graphite artificial) natural or artificial graphite pneumoconiosis) articles and dust arising from grinding

Baritosis Barium dust Exposure during well drilling, alloys with aluminum, and use of barium carbonate in water treatment and as flux in ceramics

' manufacture

Pneumoconiosis Padi husk or dust orasubstance Exposure to padi husk, dust or a due to padi husk containing padi substance containing padi

(Extrinsic allergic alveolitis) due to

Organic dusts

Wood worker's lung, wood pulp worker’s lung

c. Animal Proteins

Rope dust

Coffee bean dust

Thermoactinomyces vulgaris

Thermoactinomyces candidus

Sitophilus granarius

(wheat weevil)

Detergent dust

Moldy bark dust

Infected wheat flour

Moldy wood chips

Parakeets

Pigeons

Chickens

Turkey

Rats

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, storage, disposal) and exposure to the agents exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure to the agent among bag and rope makers

Exposure to the agent among coffee workers

Farmers exposed the agents when handling fertiliser

Exposure to agent through dust contaminated grain

Exposure to the detergent beads and dust

Exposure to the agent among lumber barkers and loggers

Exposure to the agent among flour workers

Exposure to the agent among paper mill workers

Exposure to the agent among bird handlers

Exposure to the agent among pigeon handlers

Exposure to the agent among poultry farmers

Exposure to the agent among furriers

Exposure to the agent among animal laboratory workers

Chemicals

. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

. Hard metal lung disease

. Chronic beryllium disease

. Organic dust toxic syndrome

. Legionellosis

. Occupationally caused lung cancer

223

Toluene diisocyanate

(TDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI)

Trimellitic anhydride

Cobalt in solvents

Beryllium particulate

Moldy hay and grain, compost,

Moldy sugar cane, coffee bean dust, moldy bark dust, infected wheat flour, cheese mold, moldy lichen, parakeets, pigeons, chicken ducks, fox, rats and other organic dust

Legionella pneumophila

Arsenic, antimony, asbestos, nickel oxides, nickel subsulphide, Bis (chloromethyl)

ether, chromium compound

(hexavalent), calcium chromate, zinc chromate, strontium chromate in their pure forms, mustard gas, mineral oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, radon, wood dust

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, storage, disposal) and exposure to the agents exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Exposure to agent during use as industrial solvent, among foundry workers and polyurethane foam workers

Exposure to the agent among epoxy resins and paint manufacturer

Tungsten carbide workers with exposure to cobalt

Exposure to beryllium during extraction; use in metallurgy, aerospace industry and nuclear industry

Exposure to the agents during agricultural activities

Exposure to Legionella pneumophila due to contaminated ventilation system in the working environment

Workers with direct exposure to specific agents

224

Biocide-(formaldehyde,

Thimerosal)

Cements (chromate, cobalt)

Cosmetics — fragrances

Cutting fluids and oils

Dyes-hair dyes-

(paraphenylene diamine, photographic colour developers, disperse textile dyes), disinfectants

Food (vegetables, seafood, salad dressings, meat, fruits, flavouring agent, antioxidants)

Glues and bonding agents

Metals — nickel (nickel utensils), chromate, cobalt, mercury

Plants and tree

(preservatives) -wood and its preservatives

Unushiol (Toxicodendron),

Sesquiterpene lactones

(Compositae), Primin

(Primula obconica),

Tulpalin A (Tulipa,

Alstroemeria)

Plastic-(epoxy monomer, acrylic monomer, phenolic resins, amine catalysts)

Resins-(epoxy, acrylates, isocyatanes, formaldehyde resins), soldering fluxes (amines and colophony)

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacturing, storage, disposal) and exposure to the agents exceeding Permissible

Exposure Limits

Workers with direct exposure to these agents

225

Flash kerato-conjunctivitis or retinitis

- Localised new growth of skin, papilloma,or keratotic lesions

. Mite dermatitis

Occupational skin ulceration

Occupational/

toxic vitiligo

(leucoderma)

Rengas wood and its sap

Electro-welding or acetylene welding UV light

Beryllium, shale oils, tar, pitch, bitumen, mineral oil, and soot

Owls and pigeons and other bids with mites

Corrosives irritant chemicals

FACTOR

Work involving pulling the shoulders back and down, working overhead with repeated abduction and adduction of the shoulder and arm resulting in compression of the neurovascular structures

Passing out of the chest, neck and beneath the clavicle to the axilla

Tasks associated with highly rapid repetitive and vigorous movement, overstraining of the muscle and tendons, with excessive forces around the shoulder

Tasks with rapid, repetitive, excessive manual task causing severe or prolonged external friction or stress/pressure on the bursa of hand causing severe or prolonged friction or pressure on the hand

Tasks with rapid, repetitive, excessive manual task causing severe or prolonged external friction or stress/pressure at bursa of the elbow

Highly repetitive forceful movements, involving finger and wrist flexors/pronators

Highly repetitive forceful wrist dorsiflexion

Occupations involving exposure to multiple ergonomic risk factors - forceful, very highly repetitive, non-neutral work, prolonged duration, vibration, heavy load and exceeding

Permissible Exposure Limits

Workers with activities characterised by multiple ergonomic risk factors

Workers with activities characterised by multiple ergonomic risk factors

Workers with activities characterised by multiple ergonomic risk factors

Workers with forceful, highly repetitive wrist/finger flexion and flexed elbow

Workers with repeated forceful wrist extension and power grasp

Workers with constant or repetitive forceful pinching with thumb while executing, forceful exertions and extreme postures of the wrist, especially a combination of these with injury to body limbs and appendages

229 P.U. (A) 32.

DISEASE AGENT/ERGONOMIC RISK OCCUPATION/IINDUSTRY

FACTOR

Occupational Musculo-Skeletal Occupations involving exposure

Disease

Constant or highly repetitive movements, forceful exertions and extreme postures of the wrist, especially a combination of these with injury to body limbs and appendages

Highly repetitive movements, forceful exertions, extreme postures of the wrist and extreme movements of hyperflexion and hyperextension causing prolonged pressure on the anatomical grooves resulting in nerve injuries. Forceful, frequent repetitive movement, with vibrating tools, work involving extreme pressure and postures of the wrist, especially a combination of these risk factors

Bursitis or subcutaneous cellulitis arising at or above the knee

Forceful, frequent, prolonged and repetitive movement of the foot

Permissible Exposure Limits

Workers with forceful, frequent, repetitive movement with hand-held vibrating tools whose internal parts vibrate so as to transmit that vibration to the hand; work involving extreme postures of the wrist or hand

Workers with rapid, repetitive, excessive manual task causing severe or prolonged friction or stress on the bursa of at or about the knee. Worker who kneel a lot

Workers with rapid, repetitive, excessive movement of the foot

Worker exposed to extreme stress caused by an accident or incident arising out of and in the course of employment

P.U. (A) 32. 230

AGENT OCCUPATIONAL CANCER OCCUPATIONIINDUSTRY

Cancer of the epithelial lining of the urinary tract and bladder (papilloma), liver neurological disorder

Lung and prostate cancer, lymphoma, ployneuropathy

Malignant neoplasm of skin

(squamous cell carcinoma), larynx, bronchus and lungs, haemangiosarcoma

Lung-Diffuse malignant mesothelioma (pleura, pericardium, peritoneum), pleura, gastrointestinal tract cancer - oesophagus, peritoneum, large intestine

Malignant neoplasm of bronchus, larynx, lungs, kidney

Leukaemia, hodgkin lymphoma, other blood malignancies

Malignancy of the bladder

Malignancy of lungs, skin and bladder

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacture, transport, storage, disposal)

and exposure to the agents exceeding Permissible Exposure

Limits

Exposure to agent during the use or handling of or exposure to the fumes, dust or vapour of 4-aminobiphenyl or substances containing 4-aminobiphenyl; use in chemical synthesis industry and rubber manufacturing

Exposure to acrylonitrile; use in textile fiber manufacture, acrylonitrile polymerization and rubber, plastics, textile industry

Exposure during mining, copper smelting, glass manufacture, production; use of arsenic pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, tanning and glass making

Exposure to asbestos, dust or any admixture of asbestos at a level above that commonly found in the environment especially at mines or quarries;

during asbestos based product manufacture, demolition or asbestos removal work

Exposure to benzene or its toxic homologues during work with coke ovens, shoe manufacture using benzene, solvents with benzene, fuel and petroleum industry

Exposure to benzidine during dye or pigment manufacture, laboratory agent; use in paper, leather, textile and dye industry

Exposure to the benz-o-pyrene when using or handling it; use in research a

231

ll.

. B-naphthylamine

Bis-chloromethyl ether

(BCME),

Chloromethylmethy]

ethers (IARC 1)

Cadmium and its compounds

Chromium - its ompounds-hexavalent

Coal tars and coal tar pitches; soot asphalt, creosote or bitumen, anthracene, mineral oil, volatiles, and residues of these substances. Particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Ethylene oxide

Malignant neoplasm of bronchus and lungs

Cancer bladder, methaemoglobinemia, ataxia

Malignancy of the bronchus and lung

Malignant neoplasm of bronchus and lungs

Malignant neoplasm of bronchus and lungs, nasal cancer

Cancer of the skin, bronchus and lung, bladder, larynx, mouth cavity

Leukaemia, cataract

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacture, transport, storage, disposal)

and exposure to the agents exceeding Permissible Exposure

Limits

Exposure during production of hard, corrosion-resistant alloys in aerospace industry, nuclear teactors; ceramic and refractory products, electrical contacts, switches, welding electrodes, cathode ray tubes, metallic alloys and lithography for the electronics industry

Exposure during use for dye or pigment manufacture

Exposures to Bis-chloromethyl ether produced during the manufacture of chloromethyl methyl ether; use in the chemical industry as chemical intermediate

Exposure during electroplating;

manufacture of nickel-cadmium batteries, high speed bearings, soldering, welding and silver brazing (as fillers); use in plastics industry (stabiliser);

use as pigments (in rubber, ink, plastics, paint, textiles)

and jewellery manufacture

Exposure during electroplating, dye or pigment manufacture and welding

Exposures to the agent during building material use, electrodes, coal gasification and coke production-petroleum production, pigment manufacture, road paving and insulation

Exposure during use in manufacture of ethylene glycol, glycol ethers and medical products; use as a pesticide fumigant, sterilant in hospitals

232

(1,2-dibromoethane)

Cancer of the stomach

Cancer nasopharyngeal, sino-nasal, brain and leukaemia

Lung cancer

Malignant neoplasm — bone and skin, leukaemia

Skin and scrotum cancer

Lung, larynx, pharyngeal cancer

Malignancy of the bronchus and lung, mucous membrane of the nose or associated air sinuses

Bone (sarcomas)

Malignant neoplasm of bronchus and lungs

Skin and scrotum cancer

Skin, lung and bladder cancer, dystrophy of corneral surface

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacture, transport, storage, disposal)

and exposure to the agents exceeding Permissible Exposure

Limits

Exposure to the agent during the use, handling of, or exposure to the fumes, dust or vapour of ethylene dibromide or a substance containing dibromide

Exposure to the agent during use as tissue preservative in mortuary and laboratories

Exposure to the agent during the use, handling and exposure to the fumes, dust or vapour of haematite, during mining

(with exposure to radon)

Exposure to X-rays, nuclear reactors, ionising particle, radium, other radio active substance or radiant energy

Exposure to the agent during use as lubricants

Exposure to mustard gas-war gas

Exposure during concentrating, smelting or refining in the nickel producing industry, stainless steel production, manufacture of batteries, metallurgy, alloys, electroplating; use as catalysts and pigments; sulphide nickel ore miners and high nickel alloy manufacture workers

The use, handling of, or exposure to the fumes, dust or vapour of radium

Exposure to agent in underground mining, processing of ores and radioactive products

The use, handling of, or exposure to shale oils

Exposure to the agent during road making

233

Angiosarcoma of the liver, malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, brain and lung

Cancer nasopharyx, nose and lung

Occupations involving the use or handling of (manufacture, transport, storage, disposal)

and exposure to the agents exceeding Permissible Exposure

Limits

Exposure to the agent during manufacturing of vinyl chloride, vinyl chloride polymerization and plastic industry

Exposure to the agent during woodwork, cabinet and furniture makers

For the purpose of determining an occupational disease, this Schedule shall be read together with—