WIDOWS AND ORPHANS PENSION ACT 1915

of the

Revision of Laws

Act 1968 [Act 1]

… … … …

30 November 2007

First enacted in 1915 as F.M.S. Cap.

Widows and Orphans Pension 3

Act 681

All future contributions and other revenues receivable from public officers under this Act shall be carried to the credit of the

Federal Consolidated Fund.

Abatement from salaries to be made

The abatement referred to in subsection (1) shall be calculated at the rate of four per centum of the monthly salary of the contributor:

Provided that unless and until notice has been given as provided in subsection 6(1), the abatement to be made in the case of a contributor who has retired on pension or who has suffered reduction of salary shall be calculated upon the salary drawn by such contributor immediately prior to such retirement or reduction, as the case may be.

In the case of an officer holding or having held a post, the salary of which is on a sterling basis, the abatement shall be made in ringgit at four per centum of such salary converted into ringgit Malaysia at the rate from time to time fixed by the

Federal Government for the payment of such salaries or pensions.

Contributions shall continue to be made on the full salary whenever an officer is on leave of absence with half salary or without salary.

An officer who held a non-pensionable office in the service of the Government and had been appointed to a pensionable office before 15 June 1970, shall be deemed to have entered into the service of the Government on the date of such appointment:

Provided that the Minister may from time to time by notification in the Gazette declare any officer, or category or categories of officers to be excluded from this subsection.

A depositor in the Federated Malay States Railways Provident

Fund shall be deemed to enter the service of the Government on the date upon which he completes 10 years satisfactory service.

Act 681

On the retirement of a public servant who is a depositor in the Federated Malay States Railways Provident Fund the abatements to be made under this Act shall be calculated upon the sum to which he would have been entitled as pension if he had been eligible for a pension under the *Pensions Enactment

[Cap. 23].

Period for which abatement shall be made

The abatement referred to in subsection (1) shall be calculated on the salary of the permanent appointment of the contributor irrespective of any temporary increment of salary which he may derive from an acting appointment and irrespective of personel and other allowances, except pensionable personal allowances which shall be deemed to be part of the contributor’s salary for the purpose of calculating such abatement.

Abatement during period of enemy occupation

**5a.  (1)  Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing provisions of this Act, where a public servant was not, during the period of enemy occupation and during any period thereafter until his re-appointment in the service of the Government, drawing the full salary or any part of his salary, abatements calculated on the salary for which that public servant would have been eligible in accordance with his salary scheme were it not for the enemy occupation shall be deemed to have been made, during such period or periods, under and in accordance with this Act:

Provided that for the purpose of any repayment to contributors as provided in sections 10, 11 and paragraph 12(2)(b) only the contributions actually made shall be taken into account.

*NOTE—This Act has been replaced vide Pensions Act 1980 [Act 227].

**NOTE—In force on 01-01-1955.

Widows and Orphans Pension 9

*(2) In this section “period of enemy occupation” means the period commencing on 8 December 1941 and continuing to 31 August 1945.

Contributor retiring under certain laws 5b.  (1)  Every contributor being married or a widower with children of a pensionable age, who is an entitled officer shall, at his option exercisable as hereinafter provided, be entitled either—

to cease to contribute, in which case his widow or children, as the case may be, shall be entitled on his death to a pension computed on the basis of the interest acquired by such contributor at the date of his ceasing to contribute in accordance with the Rules and Table contained in the

First Schedule;

to make a single contribution calculated in accordance with the Rules and Tables contained in the First Schedule, in which case his widow or children, as the case may be, shall be entitled on his death to a pension computed on the basis of the contributor having contributed for the remainder of the period of thirty-five years or until he had attained the age of sixty-five years or, in the event of the contributor dying before the expiration of the said period or attaining the said age, until the date of his death; or

after furnishing such proof as the Directors may require that his wife (if any) is in a normal state of health, to cease to contribute and be paid a sum calculated in accordance with the Rules and Tables contained in the

First Schedule in which case the rights of the contributor and of his widow and children shall cease.

The option shall be exercisable before the expiration of a period of six months from the date of the retirement of the contributor or before 31 December 1958, whichever shall be the later.

The exercise by a contributor of the option shall be irrevocable.

*NOTE—In force on 11-12-1950.

Act 681

The option shall be exercisable by written notification addressed to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.

Exercise of option

*5c.  (Omitted).

Exercise of option 5d.  (1)  Every contributor shall at his option exercisable as hereinafter provided, be entitled either to cease to contribute or to continue to contribute in accordance with this Act.

If a contributor who on 15 June 1970 was a bachelor, opts to cease to contribute under subsection (1), any rights accrued under this Act shall cease and there shall be payable to him, a sum representing the amount of contributions which he has made up to that date together with compound interest thereon calculated with annual rests at the rate of two and one-half per centum and the amount of any contributions which he may have made after that date without any interest thereon.

If a contributor who on 15 June 1970 was a widower without children of a pensionable age, opts to cease to contribute under subsection (1), any right accrued under this Act shall cease and there shall be payable to him, a sum representing the amount of contributions which he has made up to that date since the death of his last wife or the ceasing to be of a pensionable age of his last child, whichever event shall last have happened together with compound interest thereon calculated with annual rests at the rate of two and one-half per centum and the amount of any contributions which he may have made after that date without any interest thereon.

If a contributor who on 15 June 1970 was married or was a widower with children of a pensionable age, opts to cease to contribute under subsection (1), the rights of such contributor and of his widow and children under this Act shall cease and there shall be payable to him a sum representing an amount computed on the

*NOTE—This section inserted vide Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance No. 33, 1970

[P.U. (A) 184/1970] was later repealed vide Widows and Orphans Pension (Amendment) Act 1972 [Act A96].

Widows and Orphans Pension 11

basis of the interest acquired by him at that date in accordance with Tables D, E and F contained in the First Schedule and the amount of any contributions which he may have made after that date without any interest thereon.

Minister by notification in the *Gazette. Different dates may be appointed for contributors who are still in the service of the

Government and contributors who have retired from the service of the Government:

Provided that the Directors may, if they think proper in the circumstances, accept an option received after the date appointed under this subsection.

The exercise by a contributor of the option shall be irrevocable.

If a contributor opts to cease to contribute under subsection (1), his contribution shall cease to be made on the first day of the second month following the month in which the written notification under subsection (5) was received by the Directors.

If a contributor does not exercise the option within the period provided under subsection (5), he shall be deemed to have opted to continue to contribute in accordance with this Act.

Contributors who opted to cease to contribute under subsection 5c(3)

to him at his option exercisable as hereinafter provided;

or

to his legal representative if he dies without a widow or children before the appointed date,

*NOTE—see P.U. (B) 194/1972.

**NOTE—The Ordinance is repealed by Act A96.

Act 681

a sum computed on the basis of the interest acquired by him at that date in accordance with Tables D, E and F contained in the First Schedule, and the amount of any contributions which he may have made after that date without any interest thereon.

Provided that the Directors may, if they think proper in the circumstances, accept an option received after the appointed date.

The exercise by a contributor of the option shall be irrevocable.

If such contributor does not exercise the option as provided under subsection (2), no payment under subsection (1) shall be made, and his widow or children, as the case may be, shall be entitled on his death to a pension computed on the basis of the interest acquired by him at the date of his ceasing to contribute in accordance with the Rules and Tables contained in the First

Schedule.

No payment under subsection (1) shall be made if the contributor dies before the appointed date leaving a widow or a child or children of pensionable age.

In this section, “appointed date” means the date appointed under subsection 5d(5).

Contributions where official income is reduced

If a contributor who has retired on a pension on account of ill-health and has given notice as provided in subsection (1)

that he desires to contribute on the actual amount of his pension dies within three years of the date of his retirement, his widow or children shall be entitled to a pension computed on the basis of the interest acquired by such contributor at the date of his retirement in accordance with the Rules and Tables contained in the First Schedule.

If a contributor who has retired on pension on account of ill-health and has given notice as provided in subsection (1) that he desires to cease to contribute dies within two years of the date of his retirement, his widow or children shall be entitled to a pension computed on the basis of the interest acquired by such contributor at the date of his retirement in accordance with the

Rules and Tables contained in the First Schedule.

Any notice given by a contributor under subsection (1)

shall be irrevocable, except in the case of an entitled officer who, having retired before 31 August 1957, exercises his option under section 5b before 31 December 1957.

Where such reduction of official income is due to retirement on a pension and the contributor draws a pension not only from the Federation but also from the Colony of the Straits Settlements, or from any Malay State under the protection of the British

Government, he shall, if he elects to contribute on his pension in accordance with subsection (1), contribute on the aggregate amount of the pensions granted to him by the Federation and by the said

Colony, and by any such Malay State and such aggregate amount shall for the purposes of this section and subject to subsection

hereof be deemed to be his reduced official income.

Where a contributor only contributes on his reduced official income, any pension to his widow or children shall be diminished in the same proportion as it would have been increased had his rate of contribution been raised instead of being lowered.

The pension of a contributor to whom a gratuity and reduced pension have been granted shall, for the purpose of calculating the amount of the abatements to be made under this section, be deemed to be the equivalent of four-thirds of such reduced pension.

Act 681

For the purposes of this section a contributor to the Federated

Malay States Railways Provident Fund who retires under the provisions of the Federated Malay States Railways Provident Fund

Enactment 1936 [En. 21 of 1936], shall be deemed to have retired on pension and to be in receipt of a reduced official income.

Contributor retiring on account of ill-health

In the event of any such contributor failing to contribute, or in the event of any contribution due from him being in arrear for six months, it shall be considered that he has ceased to be a contributor and his widow or children, as the case may be, shall

Widows and Orphans Pension 15

be entitled on his death to a pension computed only on the basis of the interest acquired by such contributor at the date of his ceasing to contribute in accordance with the Rules and Tables contained in the First Schedule.

Refund of contribution to bachelor or widower without children of a pensionable age

If a contributor being a bachelor or a widower without children of a pensionable age dies while in the service of the

Government or retires from the service of the Government there shall be payable to him or to his legal representative—

if such contributor is a bachelor, the total amount of his contributions together with compound interest thereon calculated with annual rests at the rate of two and one-half per centum; and

if such contributor is a widower without children of a pensionable age, the total amount of the contributions which he has paid since the death of his last wife or the ceasing to be of a pensionable age of his last child, whichever event shall last have happened together with compound interest thereon calculated with annual rests at the rate of two and one-half per centum.

Provisions consequent upon an officer being removed

where such contributor is a bachelor, the total amount of his contributions under this Act shall be repaid to him together with compound interest thereon calculated with annual rests at the rate of two and one-half per centum subject to the deduction of any sums due by him to the

Government;

Act 681

where such contributor is a widower without children of a pensionable age, the total amount of the contributions which he has paid since the death of his last wife or the ceasing to be of a pensionable age of his last child, whichever event shall have last happened, shall be repaid to him together with compound interest thereon calculated with annual rests at the rate of two and one-half per centum subject to the deduction of any sums due by him to the Government;

where such contributor is married or is a widower with children of a pensionable age, his widow or children, as the case may be, shall be entitled to a pension computed on the basis of the interest acquired by such contributor at the date of the cessation of his contributions in accordance with the Rules and Tables contained in the

First Schedule.

Contributor transferred to other employment in country where the law provides for granting pensions to widows and children

his widow or children, as the case may be, shall be entitled on his death to a pension computed on the basis of the pension rights acquired by such contributor at the date of the cessation of his contributions in accordance with the Rules and Tables contained in the First Schedule;

if he retires or is removed from the service of such

Dominion, Colony, Protected State, Protectorate or territory or dies while in the service thereof and is at the time of such retirement, removal, or death a widower without children of a pensionable age or a bachelor, section 10

or 11, as the case may be, shall be deemed to apply.

Widows and Orphans Pension 17

Colony, Protected State, Protectorate or territory (other than North

Borneo) where no provision has been made by law for granting such pensions as aforesaid, such contributor shall—

if married or a widower having children of a pensionable age be entitled, on giving notice in writing to the Directors within one month after his transfer from the service of the Government of his desire to do so, to continue to be a contributor on the salary of the last substantive appointment held by him in the Federation at the date of his transfer, at the same rate and subject to the same terms and conditions as if he had continued in the service of the Government;

if then a widower without children of a pensionable age or a bachelor be entitled to elect, on giving the notice required to be given under subparagraph (i), to continue to contribute as is provided in the said paragraph or to be paid the total amount without interest of his contributions.

In the event of the contributions of any such contributor being in arrear for six months it shall be considered that he has ceased to be a contributor and his widow or his widow and children, as the case may be, shall be entitled on his death to a pension computed only on the basis of the pension rights acquired by such contributor at the date of his ceasing to contribute in accordance with the Rules and Tables contained in the First Schedule.

When any such contributor, being a widower without children of a pensionable age or a bachelor, has elected to continue to contribute, then if he retires or is removed from the service of such Dominion, Colony, Protected State, Protectorate or territory or dies while in the service thereof and is at the time of such retirement, removal, or death a widower without children of a pensionable age or a bachelor, section 10 or 11, as the case may be, shall be deemed to apply.

Act 681

When any such contributor, being a widower without children of a pensionable age or a bachelor, has elected to be paid the total amount without interest of his contributions, then on such payment being made his rights and liabilities under this

Act shall cease.

In the event of the contributions of such contributor to the

Government being in arrear, such arrears together with interest thereon at the rate of six per cent, shall be recoverable from such contributor as a debt due to the Government or shall be deducted from any salary which may subsequently be payable to him by the Government.

Where a contributor either elects or is bound under subsection (2)

or (3) to continue his contribution after being transferred as aforesaid, he may cease to contribute under this Act so soon as the Government of the Dominion, Colony, Protected State,

Protectorate or territory in whose service he shall be employed shall have made provision by law for granting pensions to widows and children of persons employed in its service and he shall have become a contributor under that law; but so that nevertheless, in the event of his so electing to cease contributing—

his widow or children, as the case may be, shall be entitled on his death to a pension computed on the basis of the pension rights acquired by such contributor at the date of his so ceasing to contribute in accordance with the

Rules and Tables contained in the First Schedule;

if he retires or is removed from the service of such

Dominion, Colony, Protected State, Protectorate or territory or dies while in the service thereof and is at the time of such retirement, removal, or death a widower without children of a pensionable age or a bachelor, section 10

or 11, as the case may be, shall be deemed to apply.

As soon as provision is made by the law of North Borneo for granting pensions to widows and children of persons employed in the service of that Colony, subsection (1) shall apply.

Widows and Orphans Pension 19

Contributors to Colonial Superannuation Scheme 12a.  (1)  If any contributor, or any officer who would, but for this section, be liable to contribute under this Act, becomes a contributor to the Colonial Superannuation Scheme in respect of dependants’ benefits he shall, on written application made within three months after the date on which he first became a contributor under the said Scheme, or within such extended period as the Directors may, in any particular case, allow, be exempted by the Directors from contributing under this Act, so long as he continues to contribute to the said Scheme.

An exemption granted under subsection (1) shall take effect from the date upon which such contributor or officer first became a contributor to the said Scheme, and there shall be repayable to him the total amount of any contributions which he may have made under this Act since the said date.

Subsection 12(1) shall apply to a contributor who has been exempted under subsection (1) as if he had been transferred to other employment within the meaning of that subsection.

An officer who has contributed to the Colonial Superannuation

Scheme for the full period required by the said Scheme and has by such contributions provided a pension for his widow or children, shall be deemed for the purposes of subsection (1) to be still contributing to such scheme.

*Contributors transferred from Straits Settlements

No application for exemption under subsection (1) shall be valid unless it is received by the Directors within three months or within such extended period as the Directors may, in any particular case, allow from the commencement of this Act, or from the date when such officer arrives to assume duty in the service of the Government, whichever is the later.

An officer who has contributed to an approved scheme for the full period required by such scheme and has by such contributions provided a pension for his widow or children, shall be deemed for the purposes of subsection (1) to be still contributing to such scheme.

An officer exempted under subsection (1) shall not subsequently become a contributor under this Act unless either he ceases to contribute to such approved scheme or, having left the service of the Government, he is subsequently reappointed to it.

Nothing in this section shall exempt an officer who on reappointment to the service of the Government is already a contributor under this Act, from continuing his contributions under this Act.

Widows and Orphans Pension 21

Where an officer who is a contributor to an *approved scheme is transferred to the service of the Government, and ceases after such transfer to contribute to such scheme, any period during which he was a contributor to such approved scheme shall be taken into account in reckoning the period of thirty-five years referred to in section 5.

In this section, “approved scheme” means a scheme for the granting of pensions to widows and children of officers, which has been declared by the Secretary of State to be an approved scheme for the purposes of this section.

Rules for payment when a contributor on leave of absence or pensioner is paid by the Crown Agents

When a contributor receives his pension through the Crown

Agents, such pension—

if a ringgit pension, shall be reduced by the amount of his ringgit contributions and the balance thus reduced shall be payable to him converted into sterling at the rate of exchange at which he is entitled to receive such pension; and

if a sterling pension, shall be payable to him reduced only by four per cent of his sterling salary or pension, as the case may be.

*NOTE—For approved schemes see—

Every public servant who enters the service of the Government subsequently to the commencement of this Act shall within six months after the date thereof notify the Directors the date of his birth, and if he be a married man the date of his marriage and of the births of his wife and children (if any), all duly proved to the satisfaction of the Directors by affidavit or otherwise.

Every contributor who marries or whose marriage is annulled or dissolved by a decree of a competent Court shall, within three months after the date of such marriage or decree, as the case may be, notify the same to the Directors in writing and, in the case of his marriage, state the date of birth of his wife, duly proved as aforesaid.

Every contributor shall notify to the Directors in writing the birth of each child born to him within three months from the date of such birth, duly proved as aforesaid, and the marriage of any female child under the age of twenty-one within three months from the date of such marriage, and also within three months from the date of the event the death of his wife or any of his pensionable children.

After the death of any contributor notice of such death and of the birth of any posthumous child born to such contributor, duly proved as aforesaid, and of the marriage of any female child of such contributor under the age of twenty-one years, and of the death of any child of such contributor under the age of twenty-one years shall be given in writing by the widow of such contributor to the Directors within three months after the date of the event.

Widows and Orphans Pension 23

Penalty for non-compliance with foregoing

A contributor who wilfully makes any false statement respecting any of the particulars required to be furnished by this

Act shall forfeit at the discretion of the Directors all or any part of his rights under this Act.

Calculation of future and existing pensions

All pensions accruing after the commencement of this Act in respect of increments of salary of existing public officers and in respect of original salary and increments of salary of future public officers shall be calculated according to the Rules and

Tables contained in the First Schedule.

In the case of contributions made in the manner provided in section 4 for officers holding or having held posts the salary of which is on a sterling basis, such contributions shall for the purpose of calculating pensions be deemed to be fixed sterling contributions and the pensions shall accordingly be fixed and payable in sterling or if paid in the Federation shall be converted into ringgit at the rate annually or periodically fixed by the Federal Government for the payment in the Federation of officers salaries or pensions.

Act 681

No widow whose husband dies within twelve calendar months of the marriage without issue of such marriage born in his lifetime or in due time after his death shall be entitled to any pension under this Act:

Provided always that the Yang di-Pertuan Agong may, if he shall think fit, allow to such last-mentioned widow all or any part of the pension to which she would have been entitled but for the last preceding paragraph.

References to “widow” and to “child or children of a pensionable age” hereinafter in this Act contained, shall not include a widow whose marriage was contracted in the circumstances mentioned in paragraph (1)(a) and the issue of such marriage.

Pension when to commence

the widow shall be entitled to receive one-half of the pension which she would have been entitled to receive if there had been no such child or children; and

such child or children shall be entitled to receive one-half of the pension which his or their mother would have been entitled to if she had survived the contributor.

Widow, and children by several marriages

the widow shall be entitled to receive one-third or one-quarter, as the case may be, of the pension which she would have received if there had been no child by a previous marriage;

the child or children of each previous marriage shall be entitled to receive one-third or one-quarter as the case may be, of the pension which his or their mother would have been entitled to if she had survived the contributor and there had been no child by any other marriage.

Interest of children when widow’s interest ceases

the contributor adopted the child before he retired from the public service;

the contributor was under the age of fifty-five years at the date of the adoption; and

the adoption is registered under the Adoption Act 1952

[Act 257] or is valid according to the law of the place of domicile of the contributor at the date of the adoption or is valid under any written law corresponding to the

Adoption Act 1952, of the place where the contributor was resident at the date of the adoption.

Act 681

The child of a contributor who has been adopted by any other person in circumstances in which if the adoption had been made by a contributor it would have been valid in accordance with paragraph (1)(c) shall not be entitled to receive a pension under this Act unless the contributor so elects by notice in writing given to the Directors within twelve months of the date of the adoption or within twelve months of the date of the coming into force of this section, whichever is the later, or within such extended period as the Directors may in any particular case allow.

Nothing in this section shall entitle an adopted child—

to receive a pension or any share of pension where the receipt by him of such pension or such share would diminish the pension or share which the widow or any child or children by marriage of any contributor may be entitled to receive at the time of the coming into force of this section; or

to receive a pension or any share of a pension in respect of more than one contributor.

Proof to be produced before payment of pension

In the case of any pension which is paid through the Crown

Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations the power given by subsection (1) to the Directors may be exercised by the

Crown Agents.

Pension not assignable

Pension in consideration of the contributions paid during bachelorhood

Pension in consideration of the annual contribution current at the date of marriage

Variations of pension consequent on increments to, and decrements from, the current annual contribution while the contributor is married to his first wife

II. Second, and Subsequent, Wife’s Prospective Pension

Variations of pension consequent on increments to, and decrements from, the current annual contribution while the contributor is a widower

Variations of pension consequent on the remarriage of the contributor

Variations of pension consequent on increments to, and decrements from, the current annual contribution while the contributor is married to his second, or subsequent wife

B. Public Officer Who Commenced To Contribute

While Married

III. First Wife’s Prospective Pension

Pension in consideration of the annual contribution current at the date of commencement of the contribution

Variations of pension consequent on increments to, and decrements from, the current annual contribution while the contributor is married to his first wife

IV. Second, and Subsequent, Wife’s Prospective Pension

Variations of pension consequent on increments to, and decrements from, the current annual contribution while the contributor is a widower

Variations of pension consequent on the re-marriage of the contributor

Variations of pension consequent on increments to, and decrements from, the current annual contribution while the contributor is married to his second, or subsequent wife

Widows and Orphans Pension 31

C. Public Officer Who Commenced To Contribute

While A Widower

V. Second, and Subsequent, Wife’s Prospective Pension

D. Pensions To Orphan Children

VI. Orphans’ Pensions at Death of Widower Contributor

Case where the orphans are the issue of the same wife

Case where the orphans are the issue of different wives

VII.

Orphans’ Pensions at Death or Remarriage of Widow

VIII. Orphans’ Pensions at Death of Married Contributor

DD. Officer Transferred From *Palestine

IX. Treatment of Lump Sum Contributions

Bachelor or widower without children

Married or widower with children

Part payment of lump sum under Palestine Ordinance

DDD.—Retirement Of Entitled Officers

X.

Single Contribution

XI. Repayment

E. Public Officer Transferred To Employment Under

The Crown Of Great Britain

F. Calculation Of Quantities (Or Tabular Results) For Ages

Not Given In The Tables

*NOTE—see section 13 of F.M. Ord. No. 75 of 1950.

Act 681

A to C. Calculation of Pensions

The amount of the pension payable under the Act shall be calculated in accordance with the following rules:

A. Public Officer Who Commenced To Contribute

While A Bachelor

I. First Wife’s Prospective Pension

Pension in Consideration of the Contributions Paid during Bachelorhood

Rule I(a) Accumulate the contributions at 8 per cent. compound interest, with yearly rests at each 31 December, and multiply the result by the quantity found from Table A corresponding to the respective ages next birthday of the husband and wife at the date of marriage.

The product gives the pension on account of the contributions paid during bachelorhood.

Pension in Consideration of the Annual Contribution Current at the

Date of Marriage

Note—The amount of the current annual contribution is obtained by multiplying by 12 the amount of the last monthly contribution.

Rule I(b) Turn to the section of Table B which contains in the heading the age of the husband at the date of completion of his period of contribution;

and multiply the amount of the current annual contribution by the quantity found from that section corresponding to the respective ages next birthday of the husband and wife at the date of marriage.

The product gives the pension on account of the annual contribution current at the date of marriage.

Example of the application of Rules I(a) and I(b):

Officer born on

… … … … … …

31 July 1878

Officer commenced to contribute on

… … … … …

1 April 1904

Officer married on

… … … … … …

30 June 1908

Annual contribution, 1 April 1904 to

…

RM20 31 December 1906

Annual contribution, 1 January 1907 to date of

…

RM30

marriage

Date of completion of contribution period

… … …

1 April 1939

Wife born on

… … … … … … … 31 August 1888

Officer’s age next birthday at date of

… … … … … ... ... ....

30

marriage

Officer’s age next birthday at completion of

… .... ... ...

61

contribution period

Wife’s age next birthday at date of

… … … … … ... ... ...

20

marriage

Widows and Orphans Pension 33

Application of Rule I(a):

Accumulation of contributions paid during bachelorhood—

Contributions from 1 April to 31 December 1904

RM15.00

Contributions during 1905

… … … … … …

Variations of Pension Consequent on Increments to, and Decrements from, the Current Annual Contribution while the Contributor is

Married to his First Wife.

Note—The cessation of the contribution from any cause before the completion of the full period of contribution must be regarded as a decrement from the current annual contribution equal to the amount of such current annual contribution.

Rule I(c) Turn to the section of Table B which contains in the heading the age of the husband at the date of completion of his period of contribution; and multiply the amount of the increment to, or the decrement from, the current annual contribution by the quantity found from that section corresponding to the respective ages next birthday of the husband and wife at the date of the variation of the contribution.

The product gives the amount to be added to the pension consequent on the increment to the current annual contribution, or as the case may be, the amount to be deducted from the pension consequent on the decrement from the current annual contribution.

Example of the application of Rule I(c):

Assume particulars as in the example subjoined to Rules I(a) and I(b)—

Annual contribution increased on 31 May 1913, from RM30 to

… ... ...

RM50

Annual contribution decreased on 30 April 1918, from RM50 to

… ... ...

40

Annual contribution ceased on 31 March 1923.

31 May 1913, increment to current annual contribution

… … … …

20

Quantity found from Table B, section for officers aged 61 next birthday at completion of period of contribution—

Husband

… … … … …

35

Wife

… … … … …

25

RM20 x 4.74=RM94.80=amount to be added to the pension.

Variations of Pension Consequent on Increments to, and Decrements from the Current Annual Contribution while the Contributor is a

Widower

Rule II(a) Assume that the contributor is married to a wife of the age that his last preceding wife would have been had she survived to the date of the variation of the contribution, and proceed in accordance with Rule I(c).

Variations of Pension Consequent on the Remarriage of the Contributor.

Note—No variation of the pension is to be recorded if the second or subsequent wife was at the date of the remarriage of the same age next birthday as the last preceding wife would have been had she survived to that date.

Rule II(b) If the second or subsequent wife was at the date of the remarriage of a less or greater age next birthday than the last preceding wife would have been had she survived to that date, multiply the amount of the pension by the quantity found from Table C corresponding to the age next birthday of the husband at the date of remarriage, and the age next birthday which the last preceding wife would have attained had she survived to that date; multiply the product so obtained by the quantity found from Table A corresponding to the respective ages of the husband and of the second or subsequent wife at the date of the remarriage.

The result gives the pension to be recorded on the remarriage of the contributor.

Example of the application of Rule II(b):

Assume particulars as in the example subjoined to Rules I(a) and I(b)—

First wife died on

… … … …

30 November 1908

Contributor remarried on

… … … …

31 January 1913

Contributor’s age next birthday at date of remarriage

… …

35

Second wife born on

… … … … …

30 June 1893

Second wife’s age next birthday at date of the remarriage

…

20

Age next birthday which the first wife would have attained had she survived to date of the remarriage

… … … …

25

31 January 1913–The second wife being of a less age next birthday at the date of the remarriage than the first wife would have been had she survived, the pension RM235.47 [see example subjoined to Rules I(a) and I(b)] is to be recalculated.

Quantity found from Table C—

Husband

… … … … …

35

Wife

… … … … …

25 2.074

Widows and Orphans Pension 37

Quantity found from Table A—

Husband

… … … … …

35

Wife

… … … … …

20

RM235.47 x 2.074 = RM488.

36.

RM488.36 x 0.462 = RM225.62 = pension at 31 January 1913.

Variations of Pension Consequent on Increments to, and Decrements from, the Current Annual Contribution while the Contributor is

Married to his Second or Subsequent Wife.

Rule II(c) Proceed as in Rule I(c).

B. PUBLIC OFFICER WHO COMMENCED TO CONTRIBUTE

WHILE MARRIED

III. First Wife’s Prospective Pension

Note— In every case of a public officer who commenced to contribute while married, the wife at the date of commencement of the contribution is to be considered as the officer’s first wife, and no particulars are to be recorded respecting any former wife to whom he may have been married, unless there is issue of such former wife of a pensionable age (see D.—Pensions to orphan children).

Pension in Consideration of the Annual Contribution Current at the

Date of Commencement of the Contribution

Rule III(a) Turn to the section of Table B which contains in the heading the age of the husband at the date of completion of his period of contribution;

and multiply the amount of the current annual contribution by the quantity found from that section corresponding to the respective ages next birthday of the husband and wife at the date of commencement of the contribution.

The product gives the pension on account of the annual contribution current at the date of commencement of the contribution.

Example of the application of Rule III(a):

Officer born on

… … … … … …

31 August 1870

Officer married on

… … … … … …

30 June 1899

Officer commenced to contribute on

… … …

31 July 1910

Annual contribution current on 31 July 1910

…

RM100

Date of completion of contribution period

… …

31 August 1935

Wife born on

… … … … … …

31 October 1880

Officer’s age next birthday on 31 July 1910

… … … …

40

Officer’s age at completion of contribution period … … … …

65

Wife’s age next birthday on 31 July 1910

… … … … …

30

31 July 1910, current annual contribution

… … … … … RM100 0.462

Act 681

Quantity found from Table B, section for officers aged 65 next birthday at completion of period of contribution—

Husband

… … … … …

40

Wife

… … … … …

30

RM100 x 3.99 = RM399.00 = pension in consideration of annual contribution current at commencement of contribution.

Variations of Pension Consequent on Increments to, and Decrements from, the Current Annual Contribution while the Contributor is

Married to His First Wife

Rule III(b) Proceed as in Rule I(c).

IV. Second And Subsequent Wife’s Prospective Pension

Variations of Pension Consequent on Increments to, and Decrements from, the Current Annual Contribution while the Contributor is a

Widower

Rule IV(a) Proceed as in Rule II(a).

Variations of Pension Consequent on the Remarriage of the Contributor

Rule IV(b) Proceed as in Rule II(b).

Variations of Pension Consequent on Increments to, and Decrements from, the Current Annual Contribution while the Contributor is

Married to his Second or Subsequent Wife

Rule IV(c) Proceed as in Rule I(c).

C. PUBLIC OFFICER WHO COMMENCED TO CONTRIBUTE

WHILE A WIDOWER

V. Second and Subsequent Wife’s Prospective Pension

Rule V. For the purpose of calculating the pension assume that the deceased wife survived to the date of commencement of the contribution and died immediately afterwards; then proceed in accordance with the Rules applicable to the case of officers who commenced to contribute while married (see B).

D. PENSIONS TO ORPHAN CHILDREN

VI. Orphans’ Pensions At Death Of Widower Contributor

Case where the Orphans are the Issue of the same Wife

Rule VI(a) Divide the amount of the pension of the widower contributor equally among the children entitled for the time being.

Case where the Orphans are the Issue of different wives

Note—The Rules here given provide for the case of two wives only.

Rule VI(b) (I) Divide equally among such of the children of the first wife as may be entitled for the time being one-half of the pension which the first wife would have received had she survived the contributor;

Divide equally among such of the children of the second wife as may be entitled for the time being one-half of the pension which the second wife would have received had she survived the contributor, and had there been no issue of the first wife entitled to pension;

So soon as all the children of either the first wife or the second wife have ceased to be entitled to pension, divide equally among such of the children of the other wife as may be entitled for the time being the whole of the pension which such other wife would have received had she survived the contributor, and had there been no issue of the first wife entitled to pension.

VII. Orphans’ Pensions At Death Or Remarriage Of Widow

Rule VII. Divide the amount of the widow’s pension equally among her children entitled for the time being.

Example of the application of Rule VII:

Amount of widow’s pension at her death or remarriage—RM150 per annum.

Children entitled at her death—

Assuming the particulars as in the example subjoined to Rule VI(a) proceed as therein indicated.

Act 681

VIII. Orphans’ Pensions At Death Of Married Contributor

Rule VIII. In the case where a contributor dies leaving a widow, and also children the issue of a previous marriage, divide equally among such of the children of the first wife as may be entitled for the time being one-half of the pension which the first wife would have received had she survived the contributor. On the widow’s pension ceasing, divide equally among such of the children of the first wife as may be entitled for the time being the whole of the pension which the first wife would have received had she survived the contributor.

Note.—In this case, so long, as the children of the first wife are entitled to pension, the widow’s pension is one-half of that which she would have received had there been no such children.

DD. OFFICER TRANSFERRED FROM PALESTINE

IX. Treatment Of Lump Sum Contributions Made Under The Provisions

Of Section 13 Of The Widows And Orphans Pension (Amendment And

Extended Application) Ordinance 1950

Bachelor or widower without children

Rule IX(a). If the contributor is a bachelor, or a widower without children of a pensionable age, the lump sum contribution shall be accumulated as from the date of transfer or from 15 May 1948, whichever is the later, and treated in accordance with Rule I(a).

Married or widower with children

Rule IX(b).—If the contributor is married, or a widower with children of a pensionable age, the amount of the lump sum shall be multiplied by the quantity found from Table A corresponding to the respective ages last birthday of the husband and wife on the date of transfer or on 15 May 1948, whichever is the later. If the contributor is a widower it shall be presumed that the deceased wife lived until the date of payment of the lump sum and died immediately afterwards.

Part payment of lump sum under Palestine Ordinance

Rule IX(c). Notwithstanding the provisions of Rule IX(a) and Rule IX(b), if the lump sum contribution made under the Ordinance consists in part of a lump sum contribution made by the contributor under the Palestine Widow’s and Orphans’ Pensions Ordinance 1944, in respect of the period for which he could have contributed had that Ordinance come into force five years earlier, the benefit resulting from such part of the lump sum contribution as calculated in accordance with Rule IX(a) or Rule IX(b) shall be reduced by five eights.

Widows and Orphans Pension 41

DDD. RETIREMENT OF ENTITLED OFFICERS

X. Single Contribution

Rule X. The single contribution referred to in paragraph 5b(1)(b) is calculated by multiplying the annual contribution, calculated at the rate of four per centum of his salary or pension, by the Table B factor and dividing the product by the Table A factor, both factors corresponding to the ages next birthday of the officer and his wife at the date of retirement.

Example: If an officer, who is 61 next birthday at the completion of the period of contribution, is 40 next birthday and his wife 35 next birthday at the date of retirement the single contribution necessary to commute an annual contribution of RM400 per annum is 400 x 4.06 ÷ 0.449 = RM3,620. In this case 4.06 is the value in Table B for officers who will be aged 61 next birthday at completion of contributions and 0.449 is the value in Table A.

XI.—Repayment

Rule XI. The sum referred to in paragraph 5b(l)(c) is calculated by subtracting from the officer’s prospective pension, calculated in accordance with the foregoing rules, the product of his annual contribution and Table B factor, and multiplying the product by the Table C factor, both factors corresponding to the ages next birthday of the officer and his wife at the date of retirement.

Example: An officer aged 40 next birthday with a wife aged 35 has a registered pension of RM4,000 per annum based on continued annual contribution of RM400 up to the age of 61 next birthday. If he ceases to contribute on retirement his paid-up registered pension will be RM4,000 minus RM400 x 4.06 = 2,376. In this case 4.06 is the value in Table B for officers who will be 61 next birthday at completion of contributions. To calculate the refundable sum RM2,376 must be multiplied by 2.226, being the appropriate value in

Table C, giving a product of RM5,288.

E. PUBLIC OFFICER TRANSFERRED TO EMPLOYMENT UNDER

THE CROWN OF GREAT BRITAIN

Throughout these Rules and examples the calculations depend, not on the official income of the contributor, but on the amount of his contribution to the Fund so that the transfer of a public officer to another service does not affect his pension unless the amount of his current annual contribution is varied, in which case the proper adjustment is to be made in accordance with the preceding Rules.

F. CALCULATION OF QUANTITIES (OR TABULAR RESULTS)

FOR AGES NOT GIVEN IN THE TABLES

Table A—The quantities are given for every age of the husband from 15

to 64; and for every fifth age of the wife from 15 to 65. Ages of husbands and wives below or beyond are to be treated as the youngest and oldest ages given respectively.

Act 681

For the intermediate ages of wives, interpolate by first differences, as follows—

To find the quantity corresponding to the ages of a husband and wife aged, respectively, 35 and 27 next birthday.

The quantity for ages 35 and 25 given in the Table is 0.

482.

The quantity for ages 35 and 30 given in the Table is 0.

507.

So that the addition of five years to the age of the wife results in an addition of 0.025 to the quantity given in the Table for ages 35 and 25.

An addition of two years to the age of the wife accordingly results by proportion in an addition of two-fifths of 0.025 to the quantity given in the

Table for ages 35 and 25.

Two fifths of 0.025 = 0.01 which added to 0.482 gives 0.492 which is the required quantity corresponding to ages 35 and 27.

Table B—This Table is divided into eleven sections, respectively applicable to officers who will be aged next birthday 55, 56, 57 . . . up to 65, when they complete their period of contribution. Care should in all cases be taken to turn to the section which contains in the heading the age of the husband at the date of completion of his period of contribution.

In each section the quantities are given for 35 consecutive ages of the husband, terminating at the age preceding that at which the contribution ceases, and for every fifth age of the wife from 15 to 65.

Ages of the wife below or beyond are to be treated as the youngest and oldest ages given, respectively. For the intermediate ages of wives interpolate by first differences as explained above. Thus, the quantity found from the first section of the Table (age 55) corresponding to the ages of a husband and wife aged, respectively, 45 and 38 next birthday is three-fifths of 0.18, added to 2.39, which gives 2.

498.

For officers who commence to contribute at an earlier age than 20 next birthday the method of calculation given in the subjoined examples is to be followed—

Example (1): An officer aged 17 next birthday, having a wife aged 15 next birthday, commences to contribute. Assume that the officer is aged 20 next birthday, so that the quantity found from Table B will be 8.

30.

This officer receives an increment of salary at age 22 next birthday, when his wife’s age is 20. Assume that his age is 25 next birthday—i.e., his actual age 22 — plus the difference between his actual age at entry and 20, which is three years. The quantity found from Table B will be 7.

00.

Widows and Orphans Pension 43

Example (2): An officer aged 19 next birthday commences to contribute as a bachelor, and five years later, when aged 24 next birthday, marries;

his wife’s age being 20 next birthday. The quantity found from Table A in accordance with Rule I(a) will be taken for the actual ages (husband 24 and wife 20) and will be 0.

683. With respect to the current annual contribution at marriage, assume that the officer’s age is 25 (his actual age plus one) so that the quantity found from Table B will be 7.

00.

This officer receives an increment of salary when aged 39, when his wife’s age is 35. Assume as before that the ages are 40 and 35, respectively, so that the quantity found from Table B will be 3.

61.

Note—It will be observed that this method takes account of the actual number of years for which the annual contribution will run. In example (1), when the officer receives the increment of salary at age 22 he has contributed for five years, so that at the expiration of 30 years his contributions will cease. Similarly, in example (2), when the officer marries at age 24, he also has contributed for five years, so that although he is two years older than the officer in example (1), yet the unexpired period of contribution is the same in each case, and the wife’s age is in each instance 20, so that no important error is involved in using the same tabular quantity for the two cases.

Table C—The quantities are given for the same ages as in Table A. Ages of husbands and wives below and beyond are to be treated as in using that

Table.

For the intermediate ages of wives interpolate by first differences as explained above, except that it must be noted that in this Table an addition to the age of the wife results in a deduction from the quantity given in the Table.

To find the quantity corresponding to the ages of a husband and wife aged, respectively, 35 and 27 next birthday.

The quantity for ages 35 and 25 given in the Table is 2.

074.

The quantity for ages 35 and 30 given in the Table is 1.

974.

So that the addition of five years to the age of the wife results in a deduction of 0.100 from the quantity given in the Table for ages 35 and 25.

An addition of two years to the age of the wife accordingly results by proportion in a deduction of two-fifths of 0.100 from the quantity given in the Table for ages 35 and 25.

Two-fifths of 0.100 = 0.04, which deducted from 2.074 leaves 2.034, which is the required quantity corresponding to ages 35 and 27.

Act 681

TABLE A

The Yearly Pension, payable by Monthly Instalments, which a Single Contribution of 1 Will secure

Age of husband next birthday

15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 15

.867

.900

.940

.990 1.055 1.134 1.238 1.389 1.595 1.866 2.242 16

.844

.876

.916

.964 1.028 1.106 1.208 1.353 1.550 1.812 2.188 17

.821

.851

.890

.938 1.000 1.078 1.178 1.318 1.506 1.758 2.132 18

.797

.827

.865

.912

.972 1.047 1.146 1.282 1.464 1.706 2.075 19

.774

.801

.839

.884

.943 1.016 1.112 1.249 1.420 1.658 2.008 20

.751

.779

.814

.858

.916

.987 1.080 1.214 1.378 1.608 1.938 21

.728

.755

.789

.833

.887

.958 1.048 1.177 1.337 1.558 1.873 22

.705

.730

.763

.806

.859

.928 1.016 1.140 1.297 1.508 1.812 23

.683

.707

.738

.780

.831

.899

.983 1.104 1.253 1.460 1.748 24

.660

.683

.713

.754

.803

.869

.952 1.067 1.212 1.411 1.686 25

.639

.660

.690

.728

.776

.838

.919 1.032 1.172 1.364 1.623 26

.618

.638

.667

.703

.750

.809

.887

.997 1.134 1.318 1.562 27

.597

.616

.644

.679

.725

.781

.857

.963 1.096 1.272 1.504 28

.577

.595

.622

.655

.699

.753

.826

.930 1.059 1.229 1.449 29

.556

.573

.600

.632

.674

.727

.797

.898 1.024 1.185 1.397 30

.536

.554

.578

.609

.649

.700

.769

.866

.988 1.142 1.346 31

.518

.534

.558

.587

.626

.674

.741

.835

.954 1.101 1.295 32

.500

.516

.538

.565

.602

.650

.714

.804

.921 1.063 1.245 33

.482

.497

.519

.545

.580

.627

.688

.776

.888 1.025 1.199 34

.465

.479

.500

.525

.558

.604

.662

.747

.856

.988 1.155 35

.448

.462

.482

.507

.538

.582

.638

.720

.825

.953 1.114 36

.434

.446

.465

.489

.519

.562

.615

.695

.795

.919 1.075 37

.419

.430

.449

.472

.501

.542

.593

.670

.766

.886 1.038 38

.405

.415

.433

.455

.483

.522

.572

.645

.739

.854 1.003 39

.391

.401

.417

.439

.466

.503

.551

.621

.712

.824

.969 40

.378

.387

.402

.423

.449

.484

.530

.598

.686

.795

.936 41

.365

.374

.388

.408

.433

.466

.509

.575

.661

.768

.906 42

.353

.361

.375

.393

.417

.449

.490

.554

.637

.741

.876 43

.341

.349

.362

.379

.402

.432

.472

.533

.614

.716

.848 44

.330

.337

.349

.366

.387

.416

.454

.513

.591

.692

.820 45

.318

.325

.337

.353

.373

.401

.438

.494

.570

.667

.792 46

.307

.314

.326

.341

.360

.386

.422

.476

.549

.642

.764 47

.297

.304

.315

.329

.347

.373

.407

.459

.529

.618

.738 48

.287

.294

.304

.318

.336

.359

.393

.443

.510

.595

.713 49

.278

.284

.294

.307

.323

.347

.378

.427

.491

.572

.689 50

.268

.275

.284

.296

.312

.335

.365

.411

.474

.551

.666 51

.260

.266

.275

.286

.301

.323

.352

.396

.457

.531

.644 52

.251

.258

.266

.277

.291

.312

.340

.382

.440

.513

.624 53

.244

.250

.258

.268

.282

.301

.328

.369

.425

.496

.604 54

.236

.242

.250

.259

.272

.291

.317

.356

.410

.482

.586 55

.228

.234

.242

.251

.264

.281

.306

.344

.396

.467

.568 56

.221

.227

.234

.243

.256

.272

.296

.333

.383

.453

.552 57

.215

.220

.227

.236

.248

.263

.286

.322

.372

.440

.536 58

.208

.214

.220

.229

.240

.255

.277

.312

.360

.427

.522 59

.202

.207

.214

.222

.233

.247

.268

.302

.350

.415

.508 60

.196

.201

.208

.216

.226

.240

.260

.293

.340

.404

.495 61

.190

.196

.202

.210

.220

.232

.252

.284

.330

.393

.484 62

.184

.190

.196

.204

.214

.226

.244

.275

.321

.383

.473 63

.179

.185

.191

.199

.208

.219

.237

.266

.311

.374

.463 64

.174

.180

.186

.193

.202

.213

.230

.258

.302

.364

.454

Widows and Orphans Pension 45

This Section of Table B Is applicable only to the case of Officers who will be aged 55 next birthday, when they Complete their Period of Contribution.

The Yearly Pension, payable by Monthly Instalments, which a Yearly

Contribution Of 1, payable also by Monthly Instalments, will secure. The

Yearly Contribution is to Cease on the Termination of 35 years from the

Date of the Officer’s First Contribution after Entry into the Fund.

Age of husband next birthday

15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 20 8.30 8.60 8.98 9.47 10.11 10.90 11.92 13.40 15.21 17.75 21.40 21 7.98 8.27 8.64 9.13 9.72 10.50 11.52 12.89 14.65 17.07 20.53 22 7.67 7.95 8.30 8.77 9.34 10.10 11.06 12.41 14.11 16.41 19.71 23 7.37 7.63 7.97 8.42 8.98 9.71 10.62 11.92 13.53 15.77 18.88 24 7.07 7.33 7.63 8.07 8.59 9.30 10.18 11.42 12.97 15.09 18.04 25 6.77 7.00 7.31 7.72 8.22 8.89 9.74 10.94 12.43 14.46 17.21 26 6.49 6.70 7.00 7.38 7.88 8.50 9.32 10.47 11.90 13.84 16.41 27 6.20 6.40 6.69 7.05 7.52 8.10 8.89 10.00 11.38 13.21 15.61 28 5.92 6.10 6.38 6.72 7.17 7.72 8.48 9.54 10.87 12.60 14.87 29 5.64 5.80 6.07 6.40 6.83 7.36 8.07 9.09 10.39 12.00 14.15 30 5.36 5.54 5.78 6.09 6.49 7.00 7.69 8.66 9.88 11.42 13.46 31 5.10 5.26 5.49 5.78 6.16 6.64 7.30 8.22 9.40 10.85 12.76 32 4.84 5.00 5.22 5.48 5.84 6.31 6.92 7.80 8.93 10.31 12.08 33 4.60 4.74 4.94 5.19 5.52 5.97 6.55 7.39 8.46 9.77 11.43 34 4.36 4.48 4.68 4.92 5.23 5.66 6.20 7.00 8.02 9.25 10.81 35 4.12 4.24 4.42 4.65 4.94 5.34 5.85 6.60 7.57 8.74 10.21 36 3.90 4.00 4.18 4.39 4.66 5.05 5.53 6.24 7.14 8.26 9.66 37 3.66 3.77 3.94 4.14 4.39 4.75 5.20 5.87 6.72 7.77 9.11 38 3.46 3.55 3.70 3.88 4.13 4.46 4.88 5.51 6.31 7.29 8.57 39 3.24 3.33 3.46 3.64 3.87 4.18 4.57 5.16 5.91 6.84 8.04 40 3.04 3.11 3.24 3.40 3.61 3.89 4.26 4.81 5.51 6.39 7.53 41 2.84 2.90 3.02 3.16 3.36 3.62 3.95 4.47 5.13 5.96 7.03 42 2.63 2.69 2.80 2.93 3.11 3.35 3.66 4.15 4.75 5.53 6.54 43 2.44 2.49 2.58 2.71 2.87 3.09 3.37 3.81 4.38 5.11 6.06 44 2.24 2.29 2.37 2.48 2.63 2.83 3.08 3.49 4.02 4.70 5.57 45 2.04 2.08 2.16 2.26 2.39 2.57 2.80 3.16 3.65 4.27 5.07 46 1.84 1.88 1.94 2.03 2.15 2.31 2.52 2.84 3.28 3.83 4.56 47 1.64 1.68 1.74 1.82 1.92 2.06 2.25 2.54 2.92 3.41 4.07 48 1.44 1.48 1.53 1.59 1.68 1.81 1.98 2.23 2.56 2.99 3.58 49 1.25 1.28 1.32 1.38 1.45 1.56 1.70 1.92 2.21 2.57 3.10 50 1.05 1.08 1.11 1.16 1.22 1.31 1.43 1.61 1.86 2.16 2.61 51

.85

.87

.90

.94

.99 1.06 1.16 1.30 1.50 1.74 2.11 52

.65

.67

.69

.71

.75

.80

.88

.98 1.14 1.32 1.61 53

.44

.45

.46

.48

.51

.54

.59

.66

.77

.89 1.09 54

.22

.23

.24

.25

.26

.28

.30

.34