PRELIMINARY
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Dental Act 1971 is Malaysia Act, cited as Act 51 1971, currently marked in force and first recorded in 1971.
Opening note
Short title
This Act may be cited as the Dental Act 1971.
Interpretation
A person shall be deemed to practice dentistry within the meaning of the Act who, for the sake of gain or otherwise—
treats or attempts to treat or professes to treat, cure, relieve or prevent any disease, deficiency or lesion or pain of the human teeth or jaws;
inserts or attempts to insert any artificial teeth or appliances for the restoration, regulation or improvement of the teeth or accessory structures;
performs any radiographic work in connection with human teeth or jaws or the oral cavity;
gives any treatment, advice or attendance on or to any person in connection with the fitting or insertion for the purpose of fitting or fixing of artificial teeth or of a crown
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or bridge or an appliance for the restoration or regulation of the human teeth or jaws;
gives any anaesthetic in connection with any such operation or treatment as above mentioned under this subsection; or
Establishment and composition of the Council
six dental surgeons from among the staff of the dental faculties of the higher educational institutions in Malaysia to be appointed by the Minister;
(ea) six dental surgeons to be appointed by the Minister;
six dental surgeons resident in Peninsular Malaysia to be elected by the dental surgeons resident in Peninsular
Malaysia;
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one dental surgeon resident in Sabah to be elected by the dental surgeons resident in Sabah;
one dental surgeon resident in Sarawak to be elected by the dental surgeons resident in Sarawak;
one dentist resident in Peninsular Malaysia to be elected by the dentists resident in Peninsular Malaysia; and
one dentist resident in Sabah or Sarawak to be elected by the dentists resident in Sabah or Sarawak.
No person shall be nominated and appointed to be a member under paragraph (1)(e) or (ea) or elected as a member under any of the paragraphs (1)(f) to (j) unless such person is a citizen and holds a current practising certificate.
No person shall be eligible to elect a member unless such person holds a current practising certificate.
A person may be nominated and appointed to be a member under paragraph (1)(e) or (ea) or elected as a member under any of the paragraphs (1)(f) to (j) thereof notwithstanding that he has previously been a member under any of the paragraph of subsection (1).
The members referred to in paragraph (1)(e) or (ea) shall be nominated and appointed thereunder for a period not exceeding three years.
The members elected under paragraphs (1)(f) to (j) shall hold office for a period not exceeding three years.
Any person who is a member by virtue of paragraphs (1)(e) to
may at any time resign his office by letter addressed to the
President.
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Where any person who is a member by virtue of paragraphs (1)(e)
to (j) dies before completion of his term of office, or resigns, or otherwise ceases to be a member by reason of any provision of this Act, a person shall be nominated and appointed or elected, as the case may be, in his place in accordance with the provisions applying in the case of the person dying or resigning or ceasing to be a member for the residue of the term for which such person might have held office if he had not died or resigned or ceased to be a member:
Provided that on the death or resignation of a member elected under paragraphs (1)(f) to (j) within twelve months before the date on which his term of office would have come to an end by effluxion of time, the vacancy shall not be filled for the residue of that term.
The election of the members referred to in paragraphs (1)(f) to
If any of the bodies referred to in paragraphs (1)(e) to (j) does not, by such date as may be prescribed, nominate or elect, as the case may be, a person to be a member of the Council, the Minister shall appoint in his place as a member a person qualified to be so nominated or elected, as the case may be, and any person so appointed shall be deemed to be a member as if he had been duly nominated or elected, as the case may be, by such body.
A practitioner shall not be qualified to be nominated and appointed or elected to be a member, as the case may be, under paragraphs (1)(e) to (j)—
if he has been found guilty by a court of any offence involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude, or of any offence punishable with imprisonment (in itself only or in addition to or in lieu of a fine) for more than two years;
A practitioner whose name has been suspended from the
Register or who has been reprimanded under section 33 shall not be eligible to be nominated and appointed or elected or appointed, as the case may be, under paragraphs (1)(e) to (j)—
in the case of a suspension, for a period of six years after the expiration of such suspension; or
in the case of a reprimand, for a period of six years from the date of such reprimand.
If a member who has been nominated and appointed or elected, as the case may be, under the provisions of any of the paragraphs (1)(e) to (j) ceases, by reason of any provision of this Act, to be qualified to be so nominated and appointed or elected, he shall be deemed to have vacated his seat.
Where the Council in the exercise of its disciplinary jurisdiction under the Act—
holds a disciplinary inquiry, in respect of any practitioner who is a member of the Council, such practitioner shall be suspended.
The suspension of a member of the Council under subsection (15) shall, where a preliminary investigation is conducted, take effect from the date of commencement of the investigation or, where disciplinary inquiry is held, take effect from the date of institution of the inquiry.
Where a preliminary investigation is conducted and at the conclusion of the preliminary investigation the Council determines
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that a disciplinary inquiry should be held, the period of suspension of a member shall continue until the conclusion of the disciplinary inquiry.
Any member of the Council who has been suspended under subsection (15) or (16) shall forthwith be reinstated as such member if at the conclusion of the preliminary investigation or the disciplinary inquiry, as the case may be, the Council finds that no case has been made out in respect of the member.
Any member of the Council who is to be reinstated pursuant to subsection (18) shall, if the reinstatement is to take effect before the expiration of his term of office, be reinstated to hold office for the unexpired portion of his term of office.
Duties and powers of the Council
The Council shall perform such duties and functions and exercise such powers as may be provided under this Act or any regulations made thereunder.
Public Authorities Protection
The Public Authorities Protection Act 1948 [Act 198] shall apply to any action, suit, prosecution or proceeding against the Council or against any member, officer, servant or agent of the Council in respect of any act, neglect or default done or committed by him in such capacity.
Public servants
All members of the Council, while discharging their duties as such members, shall be deemed to be public servants within the meaning of the Penal Code [Act 574].
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Application of First Schedule
The Minister may from time to time, after consulting the
Council, amend the First Schedule by order published in the Gazette.
Power of the Minister to issue directions
The Minister may, from time to time, issue general directions not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act or any regulations made thereunder and the Council shall give effect to such directions.
Returns
The Council shall furnish the Minister with all such returns and information with respect to its activities as he may from time to time require.
PRACTICE OF DENTISTRY
Registrar
Malaysian Dental Register
The Registrar shall be responsible for the maintenance and custody of the Register in accordance with the provisions of this Act and the regulations thereunder.
The Register shall be kept in two Divisions as follows:
The Register shall be deemed to be a public document within the meaning of the Evidence Act 1950 [Act 56].
Persons entitled to be registered as dental surgeons
The Minister may from time to time, after consulting the
Council, add to, delete from or amend the Second Schedule by order published in the Gazette.
Notwithstanding subsection (1) and subject to the other provisions of this Act and the regulations thereunder, any person who holds a qualification in dentistry (other than the qualifications specified in the Second Schedule to this Act) deemed suitable for
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registration by the Minister after consulting the Council (hereinafter referred to as an “approved qualification”), shall be entitled to be registered as a dental surgeon under this Act if he has obtained experience in the practice of dentistry by engaging in employment in the practice of dentistry to the satisfaction of the Director General for a period of not less than two years in such capacity in such one or more of the public services as may, from time to time, be determined by the Director General in his discretion, and has been granted a certificate by the Director General as evidence thereof.
No person shall be eligible to engage in the employment mentioned in subsection (3) if—
he has at any time been found guilty of an offence involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude or an offence punishable with imprisonment (whether in itself only or in addition to or in lieu of a fine) for a term of two years or upward; or
he has, after due inquiry by the Council, been found by it to have been guilty of infamous conduct in any professional respect or to be otherwise not of good fame and character, and upon such inquiry, the person against whom such conduct is alleged shall be entitled to appear before the Council and be heard personally or by advocate and solicitor.
The Director General may, if he is satisfied that a person holding an approved qualification has had experience in the practice of dentistry which is not less both in scope and in length of time than the experience mentioned in subsection (3), exempt such person from the requirements as to experience mentioned in subsection (3).
A person who holds an approved qualification shall be deemed to be registered under this Act so far as is necessary—
to enable him to enter upon and engage in the employment mentioned in subsection (3); and
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during the period of the said employment, for the purpose of any such written law or such other purposes, as the
Minister may direct by order published in the Gazette, but not further.
A person who is employed under subsection (3) shall, during the period of the said employment, be deemed to be a public servant within the meaning of the Penal Code.
The Registrar shall publish annually in the Gazette as soon as may be after the first day of January of each year, a list of all persons employed in the practice of dentistry under subsection (3), with their qualifications and the dates on which they commenced such employment; and the publication of such list shall be prima facie evidence of the particulars contained therein.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act any person may be registered as a dental surgeon under this Act subject to such restrictions and conditions as may be stipulated by the
Minister, provided that the person seeking registration under this section possesses a qualification in dentistry with respect to which the
Minister, after consulting the Council, is satisfied that it is adequate.
Persons entitled to be registered as dentists
as a dentist in division two of the register maintained under the Registration of Dentists
Ordinance 1948
of
Peninsular
Malaysia
[F.M. 7 of 1948]; or
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as a dentist by virtue of paragraphs 7(1)(c) and (d) of the Dentists Registration Ordinance of Sarawak
[Cap. 111] in the register maintained under that
Ordinance; or
he was actually engaged, as his sole means of livelihood, in the practice of dentistry in the State of Sabah for a continuous period of three years immediately prior to the coming into force of this Act, and satisfies the Council that he is practising dentistry under conditions not detrimental to public health, that he has an adequate knowledge of the practice of dentistry, and that he is a fit and proper person to practise dentistry.
Every person applying for registration under subsection (1)
shall make his application for registration within six months of the coming into force of this Act, and shall furnish evidence of good character to the satisfaction of the Council.
Temporary practising certificate
The holder of such temporary practising certificate shall, while the certificate remains in force and subject to the restrictions and conditions specified in the certificate, be deemed to be a registered dental surgeon.
The Council may at any time cancel any temporary practising certificate granted under this section and the certificate shall thereupon lapse.
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Evidence of qualification to be given before entry on the Register
Every person registered under this Act who obtains any dental qualification other than the qualification by virtue of which he was registered may apply to the Council to amend the Register so far as it relates to the qualifications of that person, and on any such application the Council shall, if satisfied that the applicant is entitled to the qualification in respect of which the application is made and that such qualification is of sufficient standing to warrant its being entered in the Register, cause the Register to be amended accordingly by the insertion therein of the particulars of such qualification.
The Council shall have power to decide what higher degrees and additional qualifications shall be admitted to be entered in the
Register.
Application for registration
Applications for such registration shall be made in such manner or form and shall be accompanied by such documents, photographs, particulars and fees as the Council may prescribe, and proof of identity satisfactory to the Registrar shall also be furnished.
Restriction on registration
at any time been found guilty of an offence involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude or an offence punishable with imprisonment (whether in itself only or in addition to or in lieu of a fine) for a term of two years or upward;
after due inquiry by the Council, been found by it to have been guilty of infamous conduct in any professional respect or to be otherwise not of good fame and character;
or
after due inquiry by a medical review panel, which shall consist of two medical practitioners and one dental surgeon appointed by the Council, been found to be unfit to perform his professional duties by reason of his mental or physical condition, the Council may direct the Registrar not to enter the name of such person upon the Register.
The Registrar shall forthwith give the person concerned notice in writing of such direction by the Council not to enter such persons’s name upon the Register.
Upon any inquiry under paragraph (1)(b), the applicant shall be entitled to appear before the Council and be heard personally or by advocate and solicitor.
Certificate of registration
In the case of a person registered under section 13 there shall be affixed to such certificate of registration a photograph of the registered person.
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Annual practising certificate
Upon such application and payment, the Council, if satisfied that the premises at, and the conditions under which the applicant practises dentistry are suitable for such practice, shall cause the
Registrar to issue a certificate (to be styled “annual practising certificate”) authorizing the applicant to practise as a dental practitioner during the year for which the certificate is issued.
Subject to the provisions of this Act, the annual practicing certificate shall be in force until the thirty-first day of December of the year in respect of which it is issued.
Any registered person who fails to apply for an annual practising certificate in the manner and within the period laid down in subsection (1), may, on making an application in such form and on payment of such additional fee as may be prescribed, be granted an annual practising certificate for the ensuing year, if the application is made during the month of December of any year, or for the remainder of the year, if the application is made on or after the first day of
January of any year.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this section, where a registered person applies for an annual practicing certificate for the first time after obtaining registration under section 12 or section 13, the application shall be in the prescribed form and may be made at any time during the year, and the applicant shall, upon payment of the prescribed fee, be granted an annual practising certificate for the remainder of the year in which the application is made.
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An annual practising certificate and an application therefor shall specify the address of the principal place of practice and all other places of practice of the applicant, and any change in any such address shall be notified by the practitioner to the Registrar and an endorsement of such change on the annual practising certificate obtained from the Registrar within thirty days of such change.
Whenever it appears to the satisfaction of the Council that a registered dental practitioner is practising dentistry in such premises or under such conditions as are deemed by the Council to be unsuitable for such practice, the Council may direct that the annual practising certificate of such practitioner be cancelled, and such certificate shall thereupon cease to be in force and no further annual practising certificate shall be issued to such practitioner thereafter either for the remainder of the year or for any other year except as provided in subsection (8).
If any person whose annual practising certificate has been cancelled under subsection (7) makes application in such manner as may be prescribed and pays such fee as may be prescribed, the
Council may, after due consideration of the circumstances of the case, direct that an annual practising certificate be issued to such person.
A registered dental practitioner who practises dentistry and who—
is employed to carry on the business of a dental practitioner on behalf of a person not having such a certificate,
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shall be guilty of an offence and he shall not be entitled to recover any fee, reward, disbursement or cost incurred during the time when he or any other person as aforesaid has not had an annual practising certificate.
Publication of list of registered dental practitioners issued with annual practising certificates
The publication of such list shall be prima facie evidence of the particulars contained therein.
The absence of the name of any person from such list shall be prima facie evidence that such person has not been issued with an annual practising certificate and is not authorized to practise as a registered person.
A certificate under the hand of the Registrar of the particulars appearing in the Register in respect of any person shall be conclusive evidence of such particulars.
Notification of change in permanent address of residence or practice
Every registered person shall notify any change in the permanent address of his residence or practice to the Registrar within thirty days of such change.
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Power of Council to make certain endorsement against names in the Register
Where the Council is satisfied that any person whose name appears in the Register is deceased or is no longer practicing dentistry in Malaysia it shall make an endorsement accordingly against his name in the Register.
Cessation of registration
the Registrar is satisfied that any person who is registered under this Act is admitted to or confined in a mental hospital under the provisions of any law; or
any person who is registered under this Act has been certified by a medical review panel, which shall consist of two medical practitioners and one dental surgeon appointed by the Council, to be unfit to perform his professional duties by reason of his mental or physical condition, he shall thereupon cease to be so registered, and an endorsement shall accordingly be made against his name in the Register.
Any person who has ceased to be registered under this Act by virtue of subsection (1) shall not again be registered unless he satisfies the Council that his mental or physical condition, as the case may be, warrants such registration.
Alterations in the Register
any alteration which may come to his knowledge in the name or address of any person registered under this Act;
such alterations in the qualifications, additional qualifications and other particulars as under this Act are required to be altered.
The Registrar shall, from time to time, strike off from the
Register the name of such person as under this Act is required to be struck off.
Privileges of registered persons and disabilities of unregistered persons
Subject to section 14, no person shall be entitled to recover in any court any such charges as are referred to in subsection (1) unless at the date when such charges accrued he was a registered dental practitioner and had an annual practising certificate in force:
Provided that this subsection shall not apply to any person who is a fully registered medical practitioner under any written law relating to the registration of medical practitioners.
Dental certificate
No certificate or other document required by any written law to be signed by a duly qualified dental practitioner given after the
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commencement of this Act shall be valid unless signed by a registered dental surgeon.
Definition
The words “legally qualified dental practitioner” or “duly qualified dental practitioner” or any words importing a person recognized by law as a qualified dental practitioner, when used in any written law with reference to such persons, shall be construed to mean a registered dental surgeon.
Dental bodies corporate
it carries on no business other than dentistry or some business ancilliary to the business of dentistry; and
all the directors and the operating staff thereof are registered dental practitioners.
Save as aforesaid it shall not be lawful for any body corporate to carry on the business of dentistry, and if any body corporate carries on the business of dentistry in contravention of this section every director and manager thereof shall, unless he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge, be guilty of an offence under this Act.
Every body corporate carrying on the business of dentistry shall, in every year at such time as is prescribed, transmit to the
Registrar a statement in the prescribed form containing the addresses of premises and the names and addresses of all persons who are directors or managers of the body corporate, or who perform dental operations in connection with the business of the body corporate, and if any such body corporate fails so to do, it shall be deemed to be carrying on the business of dentistry in contravention of this section.
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Nothing in this section shall prevent the doing of any act or acts falling within the meaning of the practice of dentistry by the operating staff of any hospital of any description (including an institution for out-patients only or a dispensary or a clinic), or of any dental school, which is approved for the purpose of this section by the Council.
This section shall not apply to the case of—
a body corporate providing dental treatment for its employees by a registered dental practitioner otherwise than for profit;
a local authority providing dental services through a registered dental practitioner;
a trustee in bankruptcy carrying on through a registered dental practitioner the business of dentistry of a bankrupt registered dental practitioner;
the trustees or personal representatives of the estate of a deceased registered dental practitioner carrying on the business of dentistry of the deceased through a registered dental practitioner; or
such body corporate as the Minister may, after consulting the Council, by order published in the Gazette, exempt from this section.
Exhibition of certificate of registration and annual practicing certificate
Where a registered dental practitioner carries on the practice of dentistry as aforesaid at two or more addresses, he shall cause his original certificate of registration and his original current annual practising certificate to be displayed as aforesaid in the premises at his principal place of practice and a certified copy of each of the said certificates in the premises at every other place of practice, such certified copies having been obtained by him for the purpose from the
Registrar upon application in writing to the Registrar in the prescribed manner and payment of the prescribed fee therefor.
Where a registered dental practitioner contravenes or fails to comply with subsection (1) or (2) he shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Any person who displays, or permits to be displayed in any premises, a certificate of registration or an annual practicing certificate or a certified copy of either of these bearing his name or photograph at any time when his name does not appear on the
Register or he does not hold a valid annual practising certificate, as the case may be, shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Practitioner operating multiple practices to furnish particulars of the practitioners at each place of practice
Where a registered dental practitioner operates the practice of dentistry at more places than one he shall furnish to the Registrar the name, address, qualifications and particulars of the certificate of registration and of the current annual practising certificate and such other information as may be prescribed in respect of the dental practitioners at each such place of practice, and if he fails to do so he shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Inspection of premises used for the practice of dentistry
the officer responsible for the administration of the
Medical and Health Services in any State; or
such other public health authority as the Minister may approve for the purpose of this section, to appoint inspectors for the purpose of this Act and to give such inspectors authority, in writing—
to enter and inspect any premises at any time which are used or proposed to be used or in respect of which there is reasonable cause to believe that they are being used for the practice of dentistry; and
to inquire into and to report to the person or authority by whom they were appointed on the conditions under which dentistry is being or is proposed to be practised.
An inspector so appointed shall show the written authority given under subsection (1) if so requested by any person, in the course of entering or inspecting any premises.
The reports made by an inspector under subsection (1) shall be in the prescribed form and it shall be the duty of the respective authority who appointed the inspector to submit such reports to the
Council not later than thirty days after the date of the inspection.
Except with the specific authority in writing by the President no inspection under this Act shall be carried out in the premises of any dental surgeon.
The premises used for dentistry by a registered dentist shall be inspected at least once a year and no annual practicing certificate shall be issued to a registered dentist unless a report in the prescribed form has been received by the Registrar, during the preceding twelve months, to the effect that the premises and conditions of practice of that registered dentist are satisfactory.
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Any person who wilfully obstructs a duly authorized inspecting official in the entry and inspection of premises shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Disciplinary jurisdiction of the Council
The Council may exercise disciplinary jurisdiction over any registered person who—
has been convicted in Malaysia or elsewhere of any offence punishable with imprisonment (whether in itself only or in addition to or in lieu of a fine);
has since been removed from the register of dental practitioners maintained in any place outside Malaysia, or from the roll of any dental college or licensing body recognized by the Council.
Disciplinary punishments
order the name of such registered person to be suspended from the Register for such period as it may think fit;
make any such order as aforesaid but suspend the application thereof, subject to such conditions as the
Council may think fit, for a period, or periods in the aggregate, not exceeding two years, and may, in any case, make such order as the Council thinks fit with regard to the payment of the costs of the Registrar and of any complainant or of the registered person, and any costs awarded may be recovered as a civil debt.
Where the name of any registered person is ordered by the
Council to be struck off or suspended from the Register, he shall within five days of the making of such order surrender to the
Registrar his current annual practising certificate including any recent annual practising certificate which he may have obtained from the
Registrar and his certificate of registration:
Provided that where such person or his advocate and solicitor were not present before the Council at the time of the pronouncement of such order, the Registrar shall give notice to such person, in writing, of the order made by the Council and require in such notice that such person shall surrender to him his certificate of registration and his current annual practicing certificate including any recent annual practising certificate which he may have obtained from the Registrar within seven days of the delivery of such notice at his registered address, or at his last known address if that address differs from his registered address and it appears to the Registrar that such service will be more effective.
Where such registered person fails to surrender his current annual practising certificate including any recent annual practising
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certificate which he may have obtained from the Registrar and his certificate of registration within the time provided in subsection (2)
he shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
The Registrar shall publish in the Gazette the name of the person removed from the Register or suspended from practice under this section either—
on the expiry of the period of one month laid down in section 34, if that person does not enter an appeal against the decision of the Council; or
immediately after the decision of the High Court upholding the decision of the Council if that person enters an appeal against the decision of the Council, as the case may be.
No person whose name has been removed from the Register under this section shall thereafter be entitled to apply to be registered as a dental practitioner under the provisions of this Act, but the
Council may, if it thinks fit in any case to do so, on the application of the person concerned, order that the name of such person be restored to the Register; and where the name of a person has been suspended from the Register for a limited period only, such person shall be entitled at the expiration of such period, but not earlier, to apply for the certificate of registration and the annual practising certificate (if the period for which it is issued is still unexpired) to be returned to him.
An application under subsection (5) shall be made in such manner or form and accompanied by such documents, photographs, particulars and fees as may be prescribed.
Appeal against order or decision of the Council
The practice in relation to any such appeal shall be subject to the rules of court applicable in the High Court:
Provided that the High Court shall not have power to hear any appeal against an order made under section 33 unless notice of such appeal is given within one month from the date of the making of the order or where the proviso to subsection 33(2) is applicable within one month of the service of the order as described in that proviso.
Any person aggrieved by the refusal of the Council to issue to such person an annual practising certificate or by the cancellation of his annual practising certificate may appeal to the Minister whose decision shall be final, and no action or proceeding shall be maintainable in any court of law in respect of such refusal or cancellation.
Fraudulent registration
Every person who fraudulently procures or attempts to procure himself or any other person to be registered by making or producing,
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or causing to be made or produced, any false or fraudulent representation or declaration, either orally or in writing shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Offences
wilfully and falsely pretends to be registered under this
Act or to be qualified to practise dentistry;
wilfully and falsely takes or uses the name or title of dentist, dental surgeon, qualified dentist, doctor of dental surgery, professor of dentistry, surgeon dentist;
wilfully and falsely takes or uses any name, title, addition or description implying that he is registered under this
Act, or that he is recognized by law as a dentist or dental surgeon or that he is qualified to heal or treat dental disorders or derangements whether by dentistry or any other means of any kind or description whatsoever;
wilfully and falsely takes or uses any name, title, addition or description, or uses any instrument, calculated to induce any person to believe that he is qualified to practise dentistry;
uses the term “dental clinic” or “dental dispensary” or
“dental hospital” or the equivalent of any of these terms in any other language in the signboard over his place of practice in purported practice of dentistry as a person registered under this Act; or
uses a symbol designed by the Council for the use of registered dental practitioners only,
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shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
For the purposes of subsection (1)—
the taking or using by any person of the term “dental surgeon” or “qualified dentist” or “doctor of dental surgery” or “professor of dentistry” or “surgeon dentist”
or “dentist” or “dental clinic” or “dental dispensary” or
“dental hospital” or the equivalent of any of these terms in any other language in relation to the practice of dentistry shall be deemed unless the contrary be proved to be the taking or using of a name, title, addition or description calculated to induce any person to believe that he is qualified to practice dentistry;
the using by any person in the practice of dentistry of any instrument or dental material used exclusively by persons qualified to practise dentistry shall be deemed unless the contrary be proved to be the using of an instrument calculated to induce a person to believe that he is qualified to practise dentistry;
where any person, other than a dental practitioner or a medical practitioner or a dealer in medical and dental appliances and instruments, has in his possession any one or more of the following instruments and appliances commonly used in the practice of dentistry, that is to say, a dental chair, a dental spittoon, a dental engine, a dental syringe, a dental forceps, a dental mirror, or a dental probe, he shall be deemed, unless the contrary be proved, to wilfully and falsely pretend to be registered under this
Act and to be qualified to practise dentistry.
Prohibition of practice of dentistry by unregistered persons
Any person who acts in contravention of this section shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Covering
Any registered dental practitioner who by his presence, countenance, advice, assistance, or cooperation has knowingly enabled an unregistered person, whether described as an assistant or otherwise, to practise dentistry, shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Any registered dental practitioner who practises dentistry in premises in which an unregistered person practises dentistry to the knowledge of the registered dental practitioner shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Nothing in this section shall operate to prevent the carrying out of procedures, falling within the meaning of practice of dentistry, by any person in the public service employed for that purpose where such procedures are carried out in the course of that person’s employment and under the supervision of a dental surgeon in the public service.
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Penalty for registered dentists falsely describing vocation
A dentist registered or deemed to be registered under section 13
shall not make use, in describing his vocation, of any term other than that of “registered dentist”. Any such registered dentist who wilfully or falsely pretends to be or takes or uses the name or title of a dental surgeon, surgeon dentist, qualified dentist, doctor of dental surgery, professor of dentistry or any name, title or description implying in itself or in the circumstances in which it is used that such registered dentist possesses or holds any qualification to practise other than that he is registered as a registered dentist shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.
Prosecutions
the President or an officer appointed by him or by the
Council in that behalf in writing;
the officer responsible for the administration of the medical and health services in a State or an officer appointed by him in that behalf in writing; or
the public health authority referred to in paragraph 31(1)(d)
or an officer nominated by such authority in that behalf in writing.
In the case of an offence against section 37, any police officer may arrest without warrant any person who, not being a dental surgeon or a registered dentist, is practising or is believed to be practising dentistry in any street or public place.
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Exemptions
Nothing in this Act shall operate to prevent the training of dental nurses in the practice of dentistry under the supervision of a registered dental surgeon in any hospital, clinic, or dental school approved for the purpose by the Minister.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act, it shall be lawful for any person who is pursuing a course of study in dentistry or dental surgery in any University or University College established in accordance with the Universities and University
Colleges Act 1971 [Act 30], to carry out, in pursuance of such course of study, any dental investigation, dental examination or dental treatment of patients in any hospital, clinic, health centre, or other institution which is approved by the Minister for the purposes of this section by notification in the Gazette, provided such investigation, examination or treatment is carried out by such person under the control and supervision of a registered dental surgeon who holds a current and valid annual practising certificate.
The hospital, clinic, health centre, or other institution approved by the Minister under subsection (3), or the owner thereof, shall not be liable for any injury, loss or damage of a civil nature occasioned to any patient or other person solely in consequence of any investigation, examination or treatment of a patient under subsection
by a person pursuing a course of study in dentistry or dental surgery in a University or University College established in accordance with the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971, provided that nothing in this subsection shall be construed as conferring on the person pursuing such course of study, or on the
University or University College in which he is pursuing such course of study or on any officer or employee of such University or
University College, any immunity from any liability for such injury, loss or damage.
40 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
General penalty
in respect of the second or subsequent offences to a fine not exceeding twenty thousand ringgit or imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years or to both.
In the case of a continuing offence such person shall be liable to a further penalty of fifty ringgit for each day during the continuance of such offence in addition to the respective penalty under paragraphs (1)(a) and (b).
Regulations
In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing powers, such regulations may prescribe—
the form of the Register, the mode in which it shall be kept and the contents thereof;
the fees to be paid in respect of applications and proceedings under this Act and in respect of certificates
Dental 41
and other documents issued under this Act and provide for such exemptions therefrom as the Council may deem appropriate;
the form and manner in which applications for registration and for annual practising certificates shall be made;
the form of any certificate or other document required for carrying out the purposes of this Act;
the securing of legal advice by the Council, the provision of legal advisers therefor, the qualifications and functions of such legal advisers and the remuneration to be paid to them;
the receipt of complaints or information touching any disciplinary matter that may be inquired into by the
Council and the establishment of a Committee to be known as the Preliminary Investigation Committee to make a preliminary investigation into complaints or information touching any disciplinary matter that may be inquired into by the Council and to determine whether or not there shall be an inquiry by the Council;
the prohibition of a member of such Preliminary
Investigation Committee who is also a member of the
Council from attending any meeting of the Council whilst
42 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
it is inquiring into a complaint or information, in the preliminary investigation of which he took part; and
the submission of complaints and information to the
Preliminary Investigation Committee;
the preliminary investigation of any complaint or information by the
Preliminary
Investigation
Committee;
the reference to the Council by the Preliminary
Investigation Committee of cases arising out of complaints and information;
Saving
employed in Sabah by the Government of Malaysia or the
Government of the State of Sabah as a Dental Officer, and held one or more of the qualifications specified in the Second
Schedule shall on the coming into force of this Act be deemed to be a registered dental surgeon under the provisions of this Act and shall be
Dental 43
deemed to have an annual practising certificate in respect of the remainder of the year in which this Act comes into force, except that in the case of a person to whom paragraph (a) or (b) applies he shall be deemed to have such certificate only if there was in force in respect of him immediately before the coming into force of this Act an annual practicing certificate issued under the Registration of
Dentists Ordinance 1948 of Peninsular Malaysia or the Dentists
Registration Ordinance of Sarawak, as the case may be, or if he was exempted from obtaining an annual practicing certificate by virtue of the provisions of the respective one of the said Ordinances applicable in his case:
Provided that in the case of a dental practitioner who immediately before the coming into force of this Act was exempted from registration by virtue of paragraph 24(a) of the Dentists Registration
Ordinance of Sarawak, he shall be entitled upon application to the
Registrar to be registered as a dental surgeon under this Act subject to such terms and conditions as the Council may direct.
Every person who immediately before the coming into force of this Act was undergoing employment under subsection 5A(1) of the
Registration of Dentists Ordinance 1948 of Peninsular Malaysia shall be deemed to be undergoing such employment under subsection 12(3) of this Act; and any period of employment undergone by any person under the said subsection 5A(1) shall be deemed to have been undergone under the said subsection 12(3).
Every person who immediately before the coming into force of this Act was registered under section 5B of the Registration of
Dentists Ordinance 1948 of Peninsular Malaysia shall be deemed to be registered under subsection 12(9) of this Act subject to the restrictions and conditions stipulated under the said section 5B.
Repeal
The Registration of Dentists Ordinance 1948 of Peninsular
Malaysia and the Dentists Registration Ordinance of Sarawak are hereby repealed.
44 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
NATIONAL PURPOSES
Purpose, commencement and duration of this Part
This Part shall cease to be in force if Parliament, by resolution passed by each of the Houses of Parliament and published in the
Gazzette, provides that this Part shall no longer continue to remain in force.
Notice to registered person to serve as a dental officer in the public services
A person served with a notice under subsection (1) shall comply with such notice and if he fails to do so he shall be guilty of an offence under this Act.
Immediately upon a charge under subsection (2) or under section 48 being proved in court against any person, the registration of such person under section 12 shall be deemed to be revoked, and the Registrar shall strike off from the Register the name of such person.
Where the name of a person is struck off from the Register under subsection (3), it shall not be restored on the Register except upon a direction by the Minister, and the Minister may give such
Dental 45
direction upon an application in writing being made to him by the person whose name has been struck off from the Register.
Any direction given by the Minister under subsection (4) in respect of any person may be made subject to the fulfilment of such terms and conditions as the Minister may deem fit to impose, and such terms and conditions may include terms and conditions requiring such person to serve as a dental officer to the satisfaction of the Director General for a continuous total period of not less than three years in such post in such one or more of the public services as may from time to time be determined by the Director General in his discretion.
While the person whose name is restored under subsection (4)
is fulfilling the terms and conditions imposed under subsection (5) he shall be deemed to be registered so far as is necessary to fulfil the terms and conditions imposed under subsection (5) and for such other purposes as the Minister may direct, but not further; and upon fulfilment of the terms and conditions imposed under subsection (5)
he shall be entitled to a certificate issued by the Director General as evidence of such fulfilment.
The decision of the Minister upon an application made to him under subsection (4) for the restoration of a name on the Register shall be final and shall not be questioned or reviewed in any court.
Where a notice under subsection (1) has been served on any person liable to be served therewith, the Director General may at any time cancel the notice and, if he thinks fit, cause to be served on him a further notice under subsection (1).
Period of service in pursuance of a notice under subsection 47(1)
A person who commences to serve in a post in a public service in pursuance of a notice issued under subsection 47(1), shall continue to serve in that post or in such other subsequent post in the same or such other public service as may from time to time be determined by the Director General in his discretion for a continuous total period of
46 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
not less than three years to the satisfaction of the Director General and if he fails to do so he shall be guilty of an offence under this Act.
Power of
Minister to grant reduction, exemption or postponement from period of service under section 48
generally in respect of all persons during such period as he may specify, grant such reduction as he may consider appropriate or complete exemption from the period of service required under section 48.
The Minister may, upon application being made to him in writing by any person liable to undergo the period of service required under section 48, grant to such person postponement from commencing such service for such period as he may consider appropriate if he is satisfied that it would be just and reasonable to do so.
The decision of the Minister upon an application made to him under subsection (2) shall be final and shall not be questioned or reviewed in any court.
Minister may make rules
The Minister may make rules for carrying into effect the objects and purposes of this Part.
Dental 47
FIRST SCHEDULE
[Section 7]
SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE COUNCIL
President of the Council
The President, if present, shall be the Chairman at meetings of the Council:
Provided that if the President shall be absent from any meeting of the Council the members present at such meeting shall elect one of themselves to act as chairman at that meeting.
Meetings of the Council
Where not less than five members submit to the President a written request to convene a meeting of the Council, the President shall convene such meeting within one month of the receipt of such request.
The quorum for a meeting of the Council shall be seven and the decision of the Council shall be by a simple majority of the members present and voting.
When any vacancy occurs amongst the members, the Council shall, as soon as practicable, take the necessary action to fill such vacancy.
The Chairman at any meeting shall have an original vote and also, if upon any question the votes shall be equally divided, a casting vote.
Members of the Council who are not public officers shall be paid such fees for attending meetings of the Council or of any committee appointed by the
Council and such reasonable travelling expenses and subsistence allowances for such attendance and for journeys undertaken in the discharge of their duties under this Act as may from time to time be approved by the Minister.
Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Council may make standing orders regulating its own procedure generally, and, in particular, regarding the holding of meetings, the notice to be given of such meetings, the proceedings thereat, the keeping of minutes and the custody, production and inspection of such minutes.
48 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Committees of the Council
The quorum of any such committee shall be three, unless otherwise determined by the Council.
Secretary of the Council
The President may appoint an officer of the Ministry of Health to be the
Secretary of the Council.
Office of the Council
The office of the Council shall be at such place as the Director General may appoint.
SECOND SCHEDULE
[Subsection 12(1)]
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
Australia …
University of Adelaide
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Melbourne
Bachelor of Dental
Science
University of Queensland
Bachelor of Dental
Science
(Honours)
(formerly known as
Bachelor of Dental
Science)
University of Sydney
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dentistry
(Recognised on 20
November 2004)
Dental 49
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
University of Victoria
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
University of Western Australia
Bachelor of Dental
Science
Doctor of
Dental
Medicine
(Recognized on 7
April 2016)
Bangladesh …
Dhaka
Dental
College,
University of Dhaka, Ramna,
Dhaka
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Canada … …
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Faculty of Dentistry, University of
Manitoba,
Winnipeg,
Manitoba
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie
University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Faculty of Dentistry, McGill
University
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Faculty of
Dental
Surgery,
Universite de
Montreal,
Montreal, Quebec
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Denmark … …
University of Copenhagen
Master of Sciences in
Dentistry [M.Sc.]
Hong Kong …
University of Hong Kong
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 13
December 2000)
50 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
Indonesia … …
University Indonesia, Jakarta
Ijazah
Kedoktoran
Gigi
University Airlangga, Surabaya
Ijazah
Kedoktoran
Gigi
University Sumatra Utara, Medan
Ijazah
Kedoktoran
Gigi
University Gajah Mada,
Jogjakarta
Ijazah
Kedoktoran
Gigi
University Pejajaran, Bandung
Ijazah
Kedoktoran
Gigi
Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo
(Beragama)
Ijazah Doktor Gigi
(I.D.G.)
(Recognized on 25 September 2002)
Universitas Trisakti
Ijazah Doktor Gigi
(I.D.G.)
(Recognized on 25 September 2002)
Iran … … …
University of Tehran
Doctor of
Dental
Surgery
Iraq … … …
University of Baghdad
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Jordan … …
Jordan University of Science &
Technology
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 30 November 1995)
University of Jordan
Doctor of
Dental
Surgery
(formerly known as Bachelor of
Dental
Surgery
(B.D.S.))
Malaysia … …
University of Malaya
Ijazah Sarjana Muda
Pembedahan Pergigian
Dental 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
(UKM)
Doctor of
Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 2 June 2002)
University Sains Malaysia
(USM)
Ijazah
Doktor
Pergigian
(Recognized on 17 February 2004)
AIMST University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognised on 13 August 2010)
Universiti
Teknologi
MARA
(UiTM)
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S.)
(Recognized on 10 December 2010)
International Islamic University
Malaysia
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B. D. S.)
(Recognized on 16 April 2012)
Islamic Science University of
Malaysia
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B. D. S.)
(Recognized on 16 April 2012)
MAHSA University College
Doctor of
Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 5 April 2013)
International Medical University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(B.D.S)
(Recognized on 4 October 2012)
52 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
SEGi University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S.)
(Recognized on 2
June 2016)
Lincoln University College
Doctor of Dental
Surgery (D.D.S.)
(Recognized on 22
September 2017)
Malta … … …
University of Malta
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
New Zealand …
University of New Zealand
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Otago
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Pakistan … …
Teaching Dental Section, Liaquat
Medical
College,
Hydrabad,
West Pakistan
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery de’ Montmorency College of
Dentistry, Lahore, West Pakistan
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Republic of Ireland
The Royal College of Surgeons,
Ireland
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
University of Dublin
Licentiate in Dental
Science
Bachelor in Dental
Science
National University of Ireland
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Republic of Korea
Seoul National University
Doctor of
Dental
Surgery
Republik
Arab
Mesir
University of Tanta
Bachelor of Dental
Medicine and
Surgery
Dental 53
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
University of Mansourah
Bachelor of Dental
Medicine and
Surgery
India … …
A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of
Dental Science, Mangalore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of
Dental
Sciences,
Mangalore,
Nitte that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as A.B. Shetty
Memorial Institute of Dental
Sciences,
Mangalore,
Nitte
University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S.)
Bapuji
Dental
College
&
Hospital, Davangere
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
College of
Dental
Surgery,
Manipal Academy of Higher
Education, Manipal
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
Manipal
College of
Dental
Sciences,
Manipal,
Manipal
Academy of Higher Education,
Manipal that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as the College of
Dental Sciences, Manipal
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
College of
Dental
Surgery,
Manipal Academy of Higher
Education, Mangalore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
54 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
Manipal
College of
Dental
Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal
Academy of Higher Education,
Manipal that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as the College of
Dental Sciences, Mangalore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
KLE Society’s Dental College,
Jawaharlal
Nehru
Medical
College, Belgaum
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
Meenakshi
Ammal
Dental
College, Dr. M.G.R. Tamil Nadu
University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
Meenakshi
Ammal
Dental
College & Hospital, Meenakshi
Academy of Higher Education &
Research that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as Meenakshi
Ammal
Dental
College
&
Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of
Higher Education & Research
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
Ragas Dental College Dr. M.G.R.
Tamil Nadu University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
Saveetha Dental College, Dr.
M.G.R. Tamil Nadu University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
SDM College of Dental Sciences,
Dharwad
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on
Dental 55
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification 19 March 2003)
Sri Ramachandra Dental College and Hospital, Sri Ramachandra
Institute of Higher Education and
Research Institute, Chennai that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as Sri
Ramachandra Dental College and
Hospital,
Sri
Ramachandra
Medical College and Research
Institute, Chennai that is deemed to be a university
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
Vinayaka
Mission’s
Sankaracharayar Dental College,
Dr.
M.G.R.
Tamil
Nadu
University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
Vinayaka
Mission’s
Sankara
Charayar
Dental
College,
Vinayaka
Mission’s
Research
Foundation, Salem
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 19 March 2003)
Vinayaka Missions University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S.)
College of
Dental
Sciences,
Davangere
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 12 March 2009)
Dr DY Patil Dental College &
Hospital, Pempiri, Pune
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 12 March 2009)
J.S.S. Dental College, Mysore,
JSS
Academy of
Higher
Education & Research that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as
JSS Dental College, Mysore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
56 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
Oxford
Dental
College,
Bangalore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 12 March 2009)
Sri Siddharta Dental College,
Tumkur, Sri Siddharta Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as
Sri
Siddharta
Dental
University, Tumkur and which was formerly known as Sree
Siddharta Dental College and
Hospital, Tumkur
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
Yenepoya
Dental
College,
Yenepoya, Mangalore that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as
Yenepoya
Dental
College,
Mangalore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
KLE V.K. Institute of Dental
Sciences,
Belagavi,
KLE
Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as
KLE VK Institute of Dental
Sciences, Belgaum and which was formerly known as KLE
University, Belgaum
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
Manipal University, Mangalore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S.)
(Recognized on 9 December 2006)
Manipal Medical College,
Bachelor of Dental
Dental 57
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
Manipal, Manipal Academy of
Higher Education, Manipal that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as
Manipal University, Manipal
Surgery (B.D.S)
Saveetha Dental College and
Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of
Medical and Technical Sciences,
Chennai that is deemed to be a university and which was formerly known as Saveetha
University, Chennai
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S)
Singapore …
King Edward VII College of
Medicine
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
National University of Singapore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(from 7 July 1980)
University of Malaya
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Singapore
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
South Africa …
Medical University of South
Africa (MEDUNSA)
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 6 November 1997)
University of Pretoria
Bachelor of Dentistry
(Bch.D.)
(Recognized on 6 November 1997)
University of Stellenbosch
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 6 November 1997)
58 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
University of Western Cape
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 6 November 1997)
University of Witwatersrand
Bachelor of Dental
Science
(B.D.Sc.)
(Recognized on 6 November 1997)
Turkey …
University of Ankara
Dis Tabeti Diplomasi
(Diploma of Dental
Surgery)
University of Haceteteppe
Dis Tabeti Diplomasi
(Diploma of Dental
Surgery)
University of Istanbul
Dis Tabeti Diplomasi
(Diploma of Dental
Surgery)
United Arab Republic
Cairo University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Ain-Shams University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Alexandria University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Asuit University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Al-Azhar University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
United Kingdom…
The Royal College of Surgeons,
Edinburgh
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
The Royal College of Surgeons,
England
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Dental 59
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
The Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Queen’s University of Belfast
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Birmingham
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Bristol
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Dundee
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Durham
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Edinburgh
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Glasgow
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Leeds
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
60 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
University of Liverpool
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of London
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
King’s College London
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 1 September 2009)
Queen
Mary
University of
London
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
(Recognized on 13 June 2013)
University of Manchester
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Newcastle Upon
Tyne
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of St. Andrews
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Sheffield
Licentiate in Dental
Surgery
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
University of Wales
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery
Cardiff University
Bachelor of Dental
Surgery (B.D.S.)
(Recognized on 16 December 2004)
Dental 61
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
United States of
America … …
School of Dentistry, University of Alabama, Birmingham 3
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of the
Pacific
College of
Physicians and Surgeons, San
Francisco 3
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco
Medical Centre, San Francisco 94122
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of
Southern
California,
Los
Angeles 7
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, Loma Linda
University, California
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
College of Dentistry, Howard
University, Washington 20001
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of
Dentistry,
Loyola
University of Chicago, Chicago 12
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Northwestern University, Dental
School, Chicago 60611
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Chicago 12
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, Indiana
University, Indianapolis 2
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
College of
Dentistry,
State
University of Iowa, Iowa City
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
62 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville 2
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of
Dentistry,
Loyola
University of New Orleans, New
Orleans 18
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, Louisiana
State University
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Baltimore College of Dental
Surgery School of Dentistry,
University of
Maryland,
Baltimore 21201
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Harvard
School of
Dental
Medicine, Boston 02115
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Tufts
University,
School of
Dental Medicine, Boston 02111
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of Detroit, Detroit 48207
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of Missouri at Kansas City,
Kansas City 6
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, St. Louis
University, St. Louis 4
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, Washington
University, St. Louis
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Dental 63
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
Boyne School of Dental Science,
The
Creighton
University,
Omaha
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, Fairleigh
Dickinson University, Teaneck
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
Seton Hall, College of Dentistry,
New Jersey College of Medicine and Dentistry, Jersey City 4
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dental and Oral
Surgery, Columbia University,
New York 32
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
College of Dentistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus 10
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of
Dentistry,
Case
Western
Reserve
University,
Cleveland
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
University of Oregon Dental
School, Portland
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, Temple
University, Philadelphia 40
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
64 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Country in which qualification is granted
Institution granting qualification
Description of qualification
School of Dentistry, Meharry
Medical College, Nashville
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis 3
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
College of Dentistry, Baylor
University Dallas
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
The University of Texas, Dental
Branch, Houston
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, Medical
College of Virginia, Richmond 19
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of
Dentistry,
West
Virginia University, Morgantown
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
School of Dentistry, Marquette
University, Milwaukee,
Wisconsin
Doctorate in Dental
Surgery
65
Act 51
LIST OF AMENDMENTS
Amending law
Short title
In force from
Act 160
Malaysian Currency (Ringgit) Act 1975
29-08-1975
Act A372
Dental (Amendment) Act 1977
18-03-1977
P.U.
13/1979
Dental
Act
(Amendment of
Second Schedule) Order 1979
02-02-1979
P.U.
264/1979
Dental
Act
(Amendment of
Second Schedule) (No. 2) Order 1979
19-10-1979
P.U.
25/1983
Dental
Act
(Amendment of
Second Schedule) Order 1983
28-01-1983
P.U.
80/1986
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 1986
28-03-1986
P.U.
271/1989
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 1989
15-09-1989
P.U.
447/1991
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 1991
06-12-1991
Act A982
Dental (Amendment) Act 1997
31-01-1997
Act A1105
Dental (Amendment) Act 2001
29-06-2001
P.U.
54/2004
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2004
06-02-2004
P.U.
162/2004
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2004
21-05-2004
66 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Amending law
Short title
In force from
P.U.
85/2005
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2005
04-03-2005
P.U.
351/2005
Dental
(Amendment of
First
Schedule) Order 2005
23-09-2005
P.U.
440/2009
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2009
12-12-2009
P.U.
363/2010
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2010
29-10-2010
P.U.
383/2010
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No.2) Order 2010
19-11-2010
P.U.
77/2011
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2011
11-03-2011
P.U.
338/2011
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2011
06-10-2011
P.U.
74/2012
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2012
09-03-2012
P.U.
236/2012
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No.2) Order 2012
03-08-2012
P.U.
431/2012
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No.3) Order 2012
05-12-2012
P.U.
101/2013
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2013
22-03-2013
P.U.
133/2013
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No.3) Order 2012
Corrigendum
06-04-2013
P.U.
156/2013
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No.2) Order 2013
16-05-2013
P.U.
317/2013
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No.3) Order 2013 25-10-2013
P.U.
48/2014
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2014
20-02-2014
Dental 67
Amending law
Short title
In force from
P.U.
68/2014
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No. 2) Order 2014
07-03-2014
P.U.
241/2014
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No. 3) Order 2014
26-08-2014
P.U.
295/ 2014
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No. 4) Order 2014
11-11-2014
P.U.
294/2015
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2015
16-12-2016
P.U.
87/2016
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2016
05-04-2016
P.U.
244/2016
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No. 2) Order 2016
29-09-2016
P.U.
10/2018
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2018
25-01-2018
P.U.
229/2018
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No. 3) Order 2018
05-09-2018
P.U.
301/2018
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No. 4) Order 2018
24-11-2018
P.U.
7/2019
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2019 09-01-2019
P.U.
108/2019
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No. 2) Order 2019
13-04-2019
P.U.
229/2021
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) Order 2021
20-05-2021
P.U.
298/2021
Dental (Amendment of Second
Schedule) (No. 2) Order 2021
07-07-2021
68
Act 51
LIST OF SECTIONS AMENDED
Section
Amending authority
In force from
3
17
23
36
41
Act A372 18-03-1997
42
Act 160 29-08-1975
46
47
48
49
50
First Schedule
P.U.
351/2005 23-09-2005
Second Schedule
P.U.
13/1979 02-02-1979
P.U.
264/1979 19-10-1979
P.U.
25/1983
28-01-1983
P.U.
80/1986 28-03-1986
Dental 69
Section
Amending authority
In force from
P.U.
271/1989 15-09-1989
P.U.
447/1991 16-12-1991
P.U.
54/2004
06-02-2004
P.U.
162/2004 21-05-2004
P.U.
85/2005 04-03-2005
P.U.
440/2009
12-12-2009
P.U.
363/2010
29-10-2010
P.U.
383/2010
19-11-2010
P.U.
77/2011
11-03-2011
P.U.
338/2011 06-10-2011
P.U.
74/2012
09-03-2012
P.U.
236/2012 03-08-2012
P.U.
431/2012
05-12-2012
P.U.
101/2013
22-03-2013
P.U.
156/2013 16-05-2013
P.U.
317/2013 25-10-2013
P.U.
48/2014 20-02-2014
P.U.
68/2014 07-03-2014
P.U.
241/2014 26-08-2014
P.U.
295/2014 11-11-2014
P.U.
294/2015 16-12-2015
P.U.
87/2016
05-04-2016
70 Laws of Malaysia ACT 51
Section
Amending authority
In force from
P.U.
244/2016
29-09-2016
P.U.
10/2018 25-01-2018
P.U.
229/2018
05-09-2018
P.U.
301/2018 24-11-2018
P.U.
7/2019
09-01-2019
P.U.
108/2019 13-04-2019
P.U.
229/2021
20-05-2021
P.U.
298/2021
07-07-2021
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