Skip to content
In forceAmendedUpdated to 1 Feb 2014Read it in Bahasa Malaysia
Contents

Act of Parliament

Mental Health Act 2001

Feedback & supportCare, treatment and protection of people with mental disorder

In plain English

Not legal advice

This Act brings together the laws on mental disorder. It covers the admission, detention, lodging, care, treatment, rehabilitation, control and protection of people who are mentally disordered. Rules on mortality assessment in the Private Healthcare Facilities and Services Act 1998 apply to psychiatric hospitals, psychiatric nursing homes and community mental health centres, with some changes. Enforcement rules in the Private Healthcare Facilities and Services Act 1998 also apply to the enforcement of this Act, with some changes.

Summary · Drafted with AI, checked against the official text on 30 Sep 2026.

Part I

Preliminary

Official textFrom Laws of Malaysia Online, unchanged

(1)

This Act may be cited as the Mental Health Act 2001.

(2)

This Act comes into operation on such date as the Minister may appoint by notification in the Gazette, and the Minister may appoint different dates for the coming into operation of this Act, or of different provisions of this Act, in different parts of Malaysia.

(1)

In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—

10 Laws of Malaysia ACT 615

“psychiatrist” means a registered medical practitioner with qualifications, training and experience in the discipline of psychiatry recognized by the Director General;

“prescribed” means prescribed by the Minister by regulations made under this Act;

“psychiatric hospital” means a government psychiatric hospital or a private psychiatric hospital including a gazetted private psychiatric hospital;

“government psychiatric hospital” means any premises appointed to be a government psychiatric hospital under section 3;

“private psychiatric hospital” means any premises licensed as a private psychiatric hospital under the Private Healthcare Facilities and Services Act 1998 [Act 586];

“gazetted private psychiatric hospital” means a private psychiatric hospital gazetted under section 4;

“approved psychiatric hospital” means a government psychiatric hospital designated by the Minister under section 22;

“mental disorder” means any mental illness, arrested or incomplete development of the mind, psychiatric disorder or any other disorder or disability of the mind however acquired; and “mentally disordered” shall be construed accordingly;

“Ministry” means the Ministry of Health, Malaysia;

“Director General” means the Director General of Health,

Malaysia;

“Board” means the Board of Visitors appointed under section 8;

“Court” means the High Court, a Sessions Court or a Magistrate

Court or a Syariah Court as the context may require, and includes a

Judge whether sitting in Court or in Chambers;

Mental Health 11

“Minister” means the Minister charged with the responsibility for health;

“person in charge” means the person responsible for the management and control of a psychiatric hospital or psychiatric nursing home or community mental health centre, as the case may be, and the supervision of the medical staff, nursing staff, technical staff and ancillary staff employed in the hospital, home or centre;

“social welfare officer” means any social welfare officer in the

Ministry of Health, Malaysia or in the Ministry or Department responsible for welfare services;

“medical officer” means a registered medical practitioner in the service of the Government of Malaysia;

“police officer” means any member of the Royal Malaysian Police;

“Visitor” means a member of the Board of Visitors appointed under section 38;

“licensee” means a person to whom a license for a private psychiatric hospital or a private psychiatric nursing home or a private community mental health centre, as the case may be, is issued under the Private Healthcare Facilities and Services Act 1998;

“Registrar” means the Registrar of a High Court, and includes any

Deputy Registrar or Senior Assistant Registrar of the High Court;

“registered medical practitioner” means a person who is registered as such under the Medical Act 1971 [Act 50] and who holds a valid practicing certificate under the Act;

“Medical Director” means—

(a)

the Medical Director of a psychiatric hospital appointed under subsection 5(1) or section 6, as the case may be, and

12 Laws of Malaysia ACT 615

includes a Deputy Medical Director appointed under the section; and

(b)

the Head of Psychiatry appointed under subsection 5(2);

“guardian”, in relation to a minor, means the parent or parents of the minor, or a person lawfully appointed by will or by an order of a competent Court to be the guardian of the minor, or a person who has lawful custody of the minor;

“voluntary patient” means a person admitted to a psychiatric hospital under section 9;

“involuntary patient” means a person admitted into a psychiatric hospital under section 10, or detained in the hospital under subsection 9(5) or 14(1) or 14(3), or received into a psychiatric hospital by an order of Court under section 73;

“community mental health centre” means a government community mental health centre or a private community mental health centre, and includes a gazetted private community mental health centre;

“government community mental health centre” means any premises appointed to be a government community mental health centre under section 33;

“private community mental health centre” means any premises licensed as a private community mental health centre under the

Private Healthcare Facilities and Services Act 1998;

“gazetted private community mental health centre” means a private community mental health centre gazetted under section 34;

“friend”, in relation to a mentally disordered person, means—

(a)

a person, other than a relative, of or above eighteen years of age with whom the mentally disordered person ordinarily resides (or if the mentally disordered person is for the time being an inpatient in a psychiatric hospital,

Mental Health 13

with whom he last ordinarily resided before he was admitted), and with whom he has or had been ordinarily residing for a period of not less than two years; or

(b)

a body or an organization recognized by the Minister under subsection (4);

“psychiatric nursing home” means a government psychiatric nursing home or a private psychiatric nursing home, and includes a gazetted private psychiatric nursing home;

“government psychiatric nursing home” means any premises appointed to be a government psychiatric nursing home under section 27;

“private psychiatric nursing home” means any premises licensed as a private psychiatric nursing home under the Private Healthcare

Facilities and Services Act 1998;

“gazetted private psychiatric nursing home” means a private psychiatric nursing home gazetted under section 28;

“relative” means any of the following persons of or above eighteen years of age:

(a)

husband or wife;

(b)

son or daughter;

(c)

father or mother;

(d)

brother or sister;

(e)

grandparent;

(f)

grandchild;

(g)

maternal or paternal uncle or aunt;

14 Laws of Malaysia ACT 615

(h)

nephew or niece.

(2)

Nothing in the definition of “mental disorder” in subsection

(1)

shall be construed as implying that a person may be dealt with under this Act as suffering from mental disorder by reason only of his promiscuity or other immoral conduct, sexual deviancy, consumption of alcohol or drug, or where he expresses or refuses or fails to express a particular political or religious opinion or belief, or of his antisocial personality.

(3)

Subsection (2) does not prevent the serious physiological, biochemical or psychological effects, temporary or permanent, of drug or alcohol consumption from being regarded as an indication that a person is mentally ill.

(4)

The Minister may recognize a body or an organization as a

“friend” if the Minister is satisfied as to the character and fitness of the members of the board of directors or committee or other governing body of the body or organizations.

s 3Appointment of government psychiatric hospital

The Minister may, by notification in the Gazette, appoint the whole or any part of any premises to be a government psychiatric hospital for the admission, detention, lodging, care, treatment, rehabilitation, control and protection of persons who are mentally disordered.

s 4Appointment of gazette private psychiatric hospital

The Minister may, by notification in the Gazette, appoint the whole or any part of any private psychiatric hospital to be a gazetted private psychiatric hospital for the admission, detention, lodging, care, treatment, rehabilitation, control and protection of involuntary patients under sections 11, 12, 13, 14, 55 and 73.

Mental Health 15

Appointment of Medical Director and Deputy Medical Director of government psychiatric hospital

s 5

(1)

The Minister shall appoint in respect of every government psychiatric hospital—

(a)

a Medical Director who shall be the person in charge; and

(b)

a Deputy Medical Director.

(2)

Where any part of any premises is appointed as a government psychiatric hospital under section 3, the Minister shall appoint in respect of such part, a Head of Psychiatry who shall be the person in charge.

(3)

The person to be appointed under subsection (1) or (2) shall be a medical officer and preferably a psychiatrist.

Appointment of Medical Director and Deputy Medical Director of private psychiatric hospital

s 6

(1)

Without prejudice to the requirement of any other written law, the licensee of every private psychiatric hospital shall appoint—

(a)

a Medical Director, who shall be the person in charge; and

(b)

a Deputy Medical Director.

(2)

The person to be appointed under paragraph (1)(a) or (1)(b)

shall be a psychiatrist.

(3)

For the purpose of subsection (1), a licensee who is a psychiatrist may appoint himself to be the Medical Director of the private psychiatric hospital in respect of which the licence was issued.

(4)

The licensee of a private psychiatric hospital shall notify the

Director General as soon as practicable, but in any case not later than

16 Laws of Malaysia ACT 615

fourteen days from the date of the occurrence, of any change in the

Medical Director or Deputy Medical Director of the private psychiatric hospital, and the qualifications, training and experience of the new Medical Director or Deputy Medical Director, as the case may be.

Licensee and Medical Director of private psychiatric hospital to comply with the Private Healthcare Facilities and Services Act 1998

s 7

(1)

The licensee and Medical Director of a private psychiatric hospital, including a gazetted private psychiatric hospital, shall comply with the requirements of the Private Healthcare Facilities and

Services Act 1998, but if the requirements of that Act are inconsistent with any provision of this Act, the provisions of this Act shall prevail.

(2)

The licensee and Medical Director of a gazetted private psychiatric hospital shall comply with such other additional requirements as may be prescribed.

Part II

Part III

Discharge, Leave of Absence and Transfer of Involuntary Patients from Psychiatric Hospital

Part IV

Admission, Detention and Discharge of Persons Committed or Confined in Psychiatric Hospital Under the Criminal Procedure Code

Part V

Admission, Lodging, Nursing Care and Rehabilitation of Mentally Disordered Persons in Psychiatric Nursing Home

Part VI

Reception, Care, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Mentally Disordered Persons in Community Mental Health Centre

Part VII

Board of Visitors

Part VIII

Part IX

Quality of Psychiatric Health Care Facilities and Services

Part X

Proceedings in Inquiries Into Mental Disorder

Part XI

Enforcement

Part XII

General

Schedules